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cainavinchap8michale

chapter 8

QuestionAnswer
chromosome Structures that are in the nucleus made of DNA And protein
Chromatin When the cell is not dividing the DNA Is in a thread like form called chromatin
chromatid one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis
centromere the region of the chromosomes that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
histone a type of protien molecule found in the chromosome of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
non-histone protein In chromatin, those proteins which remain after the histones have been removed, are classified as non-histone proteins
sex chromosome one of the pairs of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
autosome any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
homologous chromosomes chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes genes, that have the same structure, and that pairs during during meiosis
karyotype The characterization of the chromosomal complement of an individual or a species, including number, form, and size of the chromosomes
diploid Having a pair of each type of chromosome, so that the basic chromosome number is doubled
haploid having the same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic cell or Having a single set of chromosomes. mitosis
interphase The stage of a cell between two successive mitotic or meiotic divisions.
meiosis The process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, leading to the production of gametes in animals
gametes A reproductive cell having the haploid number of chromosomes, especially a mature sperm or egg capable of fusing with a gamete of the opposite sex to produce the fertilized egg
polar bodies A minute cell produced and ultimately discarded in the development of an oocyte, containing little or no cytoplasm but having one of the nuclei derived from the first or second meiotic division
spindle fiber Spindle fibers are aggregates of microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division
crossing over the exchange of genes between homologous chromosome resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offsprings
spermatogenesis the process by which male primordial germ cells called spermatogonia undergo meiosis
oogenesis the production or development of an egg or ovum
21/21 Add to histone and non-histone.
Created by: Maslakowskis
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