Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bis 101
Lecture 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is somatic gene therapy? | It is a form of gene therapy that corrects only the cells that the disease affects. It is not heritable |
| What is the Ex Vivo method of gene therapy? | When the researcher removes the mutated cells, treats them with the wild type cells, then re-injects them. |
| What is the In Sutu method of gene therapy? | Adding the Wild type genes directly to the mutated site. The site has to be easily accessible. |
| What is the In Vivo method of gene therapy? | Adding the wild type genes directly to the body. The site is usually difficult to get to, like the brain. |
| How can scientists use biological methods to deliver gene therapy? How effective is it? | Using retro-viral vectors. Infect some virus's with the wild type gene then let them loose in the body. This has a limited effect because they are difficult to direct and can turn a proto-oncogene into an oncogene. |
| What are the recombinant DNA techniques? | There are three. Gene cloning, PCR, and DNA sequencing |
| What are the steps to gene cloning? | 1: Isolate the chromosomal DNA of interest and plasmid DNA. 2: Insert gene into vector by cutting the chromosomal and plasmid DNA with the same restriction enzyme. 3: Allow bacteria to take up recombinant vector and clone the gene of interest. 4: Ligase |
| Why are restriction enzymes to helpful? | They can cut the DNA of a chromosome or a plasmid in the same place so that they can fuse with one another. |
| What is the vector DNA? | The plasmid DNA from the bacteria that is used to hold the wanted DNA from the chromosome. |
| How can they tell which bacteria took up the chromosomal DNA? | The DNA will be immune to certain kinds of antibiotics so if they grow the bacteria in a medium with those antibiotics then the survivors have taken up the vector DNA. |
| How do they eliminate recircularized vectors? | They look at the color. Lac Z intact will cleave the gene that turns the plasmid blue. However, the chromosomal DNA should have cleaved Lac Z so it cant cleave the other protein. This means the infected vectors will be colorless. Is alpha complementation. |
| In a synopsis how do scientists figure out which vectors have accepted the chromosomal DNA? | They plate it on a medium with ampicilin to see if it grows then they look for the colorless spots. |
| What are the modes of delivering recombinant DNA into bacterial cells? | Transformation, transduction, infection |
| How does the transformation mode of delivery work? | An altered vector DNA is inserted into a bacteria and the bacteria replicates which replicates the vector DNA with it. |
| How does the transduction mode of delivery work? | A virus infects a bacteria with a plasmid. This plasmid is then replicated as the bacteria replicates. |
| How does the infection mode of delivery work? | A virus infects a bacteria with it's DNA which then produces more viruses which burst out of the bacteria and go to infect more bacteria. |
| What is a DNA library? | A collection of many recombinant vectors each with a fragment of chromosomal DNA |
| What are the two kinds of DNA libraries? | Genomic and cDNA |
| What is a genomic DNA library? | Samples that are derived from chromosomal DNA |
| What is a cDNA library? | Samples are made through reverse transcriptase from samples of mRNA. This makes the samples for the library easier to use because they don't have introns. |
| How is cDNA synthesized? | The mRNA is used as a template and a poly-T primer is attached as a primer. At that point transcriptase comes in a copies the mRNA making a hairpin loop. Which primes pol which copies that strand. Loop is then cleaved giving two DNA strands. |
| What are the two methods of finding the clone of interest? | There are two ways: DNA homology and cloning by complementation |
| How does DNA homology work as a method of tracking a clone? | They use fluorescent or radiated probes to hybridize with the DNA of interest. |
| How does cloning by complementation work as a method of tracking a clone? | Introduce a recessive allele in the DNA and then when you need to find it, introduce functional DNA back into the system with the same recessive allele. The ones that show the recessive phenotype have the cloned gene. |
| What are the two ways to split up the DNA so that it can be viewed in pieces? | Gel electrophoresis and the Southern Analysis |
| What does PCR do and how does it work? | PCR is a selective amplification of a target DNA. It works through repetitive cycles of denaturing, annelealing, and synthesis. |
Created by:
24rory
Popular Biology sets