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Earth Sci - unit 2
Earth's Interior and Plate Tectonics - grade 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| seismic wave | waves produced by an earthquake |
| pressure | amount of force on an area |
| crust | the layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin |
| basalt | a dark rock with a fine texture that makes up the majority of the oceanic crust |
| granite | a light rock with a coarse texture that makes up the majority of the continental crust |
| mantle | the second and thickest layer of the earth made up of very hot, but solid rock |
| lithosphere | the part of the earth made up of the crust and upper part of the mantle |
| asthenosphere | the layer below the lithosphere, consists of a layer of hot rock that can bend like a plastic. |
| outer core | layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core |
| inner core | a dense ball of solid metal at the center of the earth |
| radiation | the transfer of energy through empty space (ex: the sum, heat from a fire, etc.) |
| conduction | heat transfer by direct contact (ex: pot of water on a stovetop) |
| convections | the transfer of heat by movement within a fluid (liquid & gas), (example: boiling water) |
| density | a measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance |
| convection current | the flow that transfers heat within a fluid; caused by the heating and cooling, changes in the fluid's density, and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion. |
| continental drift | The idea that the continents slowly moved over Earth's surface. |
| Pangaea | The name given to the "supercontinent" (when all the landmasses were connected together). |
| fossil | Any trace of an ancient organisms preserved in rock. |
| Glossopteris | Fossil of a tropical fern-like plant found on different continents. |
| Mesosaurus | Fossil of a freshwater reptile found on different continents. |
| Alfred Wegener | German scientist who proposed the theory of continental drift. |
| mid-ocean ridge | chain of mountains under the ocean formed by sea-floor spreading |
| sonar | a device that bounces sound waves off of underwater objects and records the echoes |
| sea-floor spreading | process that continually adds new material to the ocean floor |
| deep-ocean trench | deep canyons under the water where subduction occurs |
| subduction | the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle |
| plates | sections of the earth's lithosphere |
| plate tectonics | the geological theory that states pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle |
| scientific theory | a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations |
| faults | breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other |
| transform boundary | a place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions |
| divergent boundary | a place where two plates move away from each other |
| rift valley | a deep valley that forms along a divergent boundary |
| convergent boundary | the place where two plates come together |
Created by:
sdix
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