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Ch. 4 (Final)
Volcanoes and Extrusive Rocks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The last volcano to erupt in the continental 48 states was __. | Mount St. Helens |
| The term ___ is used for molten rock on the Earth's surface. | lava |
| Condensation of the water vapor by degassing magma during the time following Earth's formation produced the ____. | hydrosphere |
| _____ are tunnel-like caves within a lava flow. | Lava tubes |
| Shield volcanoes have ___ bases and ___ inclined slopes. | broad; gently |
| Occasionally, a volcano will spew large amounts of fine volcanic dust into the high atmosphere. This dust can have the effect of __. | All of the answers are correct. |
| What are the three factors that influence viscosity of a lava? | silica content, temperature, dissolved gases |
| A _____ is a mixture of gas and pyroclastic debris that is so dense that it hugs the ground as it flows rapidly into low areas. | pyroclastic flow |
| The Roman city of _____ was destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD | Pompeii |
| The more _____ the lava, and the greater the amount of gas trying to escape, the more violent the eruption. | viscous |
| Because _____ magmas are the most viscous they are associated with the most violent eruptions. | silica-rich |
| The most abundant silicic volcanic rock is __. | rhyolite |
| The most common mafic volcanic rock is __. | basalt |
| A _____ volcano is composed of alternating layers of pyroclastic fragments and solidified lava flows. | composite |
| _________ crystallizes from an intermediate composition lava. | Andesite |
| Eruptions of shield volcanoes fed by mafic magma tend __. | not to be explosive or particularly dangerous |
| A _________ is a volcanic depression much larger than the original crater, formed when the volcano collapses into a vacated magma chamber. | caldera |
| _____ describes the surface of a basalt flow with a smooth ropy surface. | Pahoehoe |
| _____ describes the surface of a basalt flow with a jagged, rubble surface. | Aa |
| A ______ is a volcano constructed of pyroclastic fragments ejected from a central vent. | cinder cone |
| A _________, a mixture of gas and volcanic debris, may blast out laterally under a viscous plug capping a volcano. | pyroclastic flow |
Created by:
Thomas.Siu
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