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2012 ILS Final Sem 1
2012 Final review for semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a system of knowledge and the methods | science |
| All matter is made up of what? | Atoms |
| What is the order of the scientific method? | Make observations about a problem. Create hypothesis. Test the hypothesis in an experiment. Record and analyze the data. Accept or reject hypthesis. Make a conclusion. |
| Observations | Collecting facts using senses |
| A pattern found in nature | Scientific law |
| Scientific theory | collection of data that points to an answer, never proven |
| #1 Safety rule | follow directions |
| Metric conversions | 1cm=10mm 1m=100cm 1km=1000m 1L=1000ml 1kg=1000g |
| What is precision? | getting a measurement consistently for multiple trials, finding the number with most significant figures |
| Plates | made up of crust and lithosphere |
| All the world was once a giant supercontinent that broke up and drifted apart. | theory of continental drift |
| Mid-ocean ridges | Form at divergent boundaries underwater, new sea floor forms here. |
| Subduction zones | Form at convergent boundaries, create ocean trenches, old crust recycled here. |
| Tranform boundaries | move past one another, no vertical movment, San Andreas fault is found here. |
| Faults | breaks in the rock |
| Atmosphere of the Earth | Creates a blanket like effect on the Earth, traps reradiated heat from the surface |
| Global winds | Westerlies, Easterlies, trade winds |
| Cold fronts and storms | Cold air moves under warm air causing warm air to rise. |
| A pattern of weather over many years | climate |
| Caused by C02 increase, and burning of fossil fuels. | global warming |
| Sun centerned solar system theory | heliocentric |
| Earth appears to be at the center due to movement of stellar objects around the Earth | geocentric |
| How was the moon formed? | after a large collision with another body, the Earth was encircled by pieces of its own mantle and pieces of the large object that collided with it. |
| How does gravity affect the Earth? | ocean tides, causes weight |
| Four terrestrial planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| Four Jovian Planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus |
| Why is Pluto no longer a planet? | Too small, not gravitationally dominant, other objects would be planets if it was. |
| Our Sun | Formed from gas nebula, fusing hydrogen, stable due to equilibrium of outward and inward forces |
| What do light years measure? | long distances between stars |
| Star classification | color, size, and absolute brightness |
| What is apparent brightness of a star? | how bright it seems from Earth |
| Adult stars | Main-sequence |
| Low mass stars versus high mass stars | low mass turn into white dwarfs, high mass turn into supernovae |
| Hurricane growth | warm water makes the air above it rise and new air replaces it as it rises. |
| The further an object away is from Earth | the faster its moving |
| Objects moving away appear to be | red shifted |
| Big bang theory explains | origin of the universe, evidenced by red shift and cosimic radiation |
| Motion of the orbit of a planet | ellipse |
| Orbits are maintained by | inertia and gravity |
| HR Digram | cool-dim (bottom right) hot-dim (bottom left) hot-bright (top left) cool-bright (top right) |
| Study of the Earth's composition and structure | geology |
| Three main layers of the Earth | crust, mantle, core |
| Natural inorganic substance | mineral |
| Three types of rock and how they form | metamorphic-heat and pressure sedimentary-eroision and then cementation and compaction igneous-melting and cooling |
| Graduated cylinder | measure volumes of liquids precisely |
| SI UNITS | mass-grams volume-Liters length-meters force-Newtons |
| How does something maintain its orbit? | gravity and inertia, with a velocity that allows it to move fast enough to work against the pull of the body its orbiting |
| Jupiter | Largest planet, |
| Divergent boundaries | Plates move apart, rift valleys, mid ocean ridges |
| Convergent boundaries | Plates move together, ocean trenches and mountains |
| As objects become further apart | the gravitational attraction decreases |
| Variable that is changed at the beginning of the experiment | manipulated variable |
| Variable that responds to the manipulated variable | responding variable |
| Accuracy | close to a known value |
Created by:
evroman
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