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ES VOCAB CARDS hec

STUDING FOR EXAM

QuestionAnswer
Constellation Group of stars in the night sky. 88 modern constellations. most are seasonal; some are circumpolar.
Circumpolar Constellation A constellation that seems to circle Polaris (The North Star)
Absolute Magnitude The amount of light a star actually gives off.
Apparent Magnitude The amount of light received on Earth.
Parallax Apparent shift in the position of an abject when viewed from two different positions. The nearer an object is to the observer, the greater the parallax is.
Light Year Distance that light can travel in one year; approx. 9.5 trillon Km. per year
Astronomical Unit 1 au = 95 million mi.
Photosphere Lowest layer where sunlight originates Often called the "surface" of the sun. 6000 K temp.
Chromoshpere Above the photosphere 2000 km. thick 2000-10,000 km. "transition zone."
Corona Largest layer of the sun's atmosphere Millions of kilometers thick Temps. are as high as 2 million k. Where solar wind originates.
Sunspots Dark (cooler) areas onthe photosphere Show that the sun rotates, although not like the Earth. Occur in a solar activity cycle of 11 years.
Prominence Magnetic field caused by sunspots Huge arching column of gas Speeds range from 600-1000 Km/s.
Solar Flare Violent eruptions of gases near a sunspot.
Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Happens when large amounts of electrically charged gas are ejected suddenly from the sun's corona; caused by sunspots. May damage satellites and interfere with radio and power distribution equipment. Cause auroras
Our Sun is an Average Star Middle-aged Yellow light One unique feature: It is not close to any other stars.
Hertzprung Russel (H-R) Diagram Developed in the early 1900's Shows the relationship between temperature and absolute magnitude.
Non-Main Sequence Stars 90% follow the main sequence Hot, dim star= white dwarf Cool, bright star giant Largest giants= supergiants
Supernova the collapsed core of a supergiant
Neutron Star Collapsed core of a star that is 1.4 to 3 times more massive than the sun.
Black Hole Collapsed core of a star that is more than 3 times more massive than the sun; nothing can escape from a black hole.
Life of a Star Main Sequence (low mass star) Nebula, main sequence progression, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf. Non-main sequence progression, red supergiant, supernova, then Either a neutron star or a black hole.
Galaxy A large group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity. Our galaxy= the Milky Way Grouped into clusters; ours is the Local Group which contains about 45 galaxies.
Created by: hunt16
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