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Psych Final Ch 1
ch 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism’s physical state, mental state, and external environment |
| Empirical | relying on evidence gathered by careful observation, experimentation or measurement |
| Critical thinking | the ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons rather than emotion |
| Structuralism | E.B. Titchener; early approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements; interested in what happens |
| Functionalism | early approach that emphasized the function or purpose of behavior and consciousness; interested in how and why something happens |
| Psychoanalysis | a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy; emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts |
| Biological perspective | psychological approach that focuses on how bodily events affect behavior, feelings and thoughts |
| Learning perspective | psychological approach that is concerned with how the environment and experience affect a person’s (or nonhuman animal’s) actions |
| Cognitive perspective | psychological approach that emphasizes on mental processes such as thinking, memory, language, problem solving, and perceptions |
| Sociocultural perspective | psychological approach that emphasizes social and cultural forces outside the individual |
| Psychodynamic perspective | approach that emphasizes unconscious dynamics within the individual, such as inner forces, conflicts, or the movement of instinctual energy |
| Humanist psychology | approach that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of human potential |
| Academic psychologists | a qualified psychologist who endorses the view that psychology is a scholarly and scientific enterprise, not an informal and intuitive practice (has a doctoral degree) |
| Psychological practice | practitioners focus on understanding and improving mental and physical health by working in mental and general hospitals, clinics, schools, counseling centers, and private practice |
| Applied psychology | the use of psychological principles and theories to overcome problems in other areas; like mental health, business management, education, etc. |
| Wilhelm Wundt | - He conceived psychology as the field that would examine conscious experience as an important phenomenon in its own right, beyond the physical stimuli that affect it |
| William James | influenced functionalism |
| Sigmund Freud | psychoanalysis |
Created by:
lygordon
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