The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings.

Levels of Organization

Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere

A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities

A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offsprine

An organism that makes its own food

When light energy from the sun is used to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates

When organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply

Eats plant and animal remains and other dead matter, collectively called detritus

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

When the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions

The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food

Each step in a food chain or food web

Shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level

Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these cycles

Ecologists are often interested in the primary productivity of an ecosystem, which is the rate at which organic matter is created by producers

Immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers

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The Biosphere

Chapter 3

Question	Answer
Ecology	The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings.
Levels of Organization	Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Biome	A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities
Species	A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offsprine
Autotroph/Producer	An organism that makes its own food
Photosynthesis	When light energy from the sun is used to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates
Chemosythesis	When organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
Heterotroph/Consumer	Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
Herbivore	Plant eaters
Carnivore	Animal eaters
Omnivore	Plant and animal eaters
Dertivore	Eats plant and animal remains and other dead matter, collectively called detritus
Decomposer	Breaks down organic matter
Food Chain	A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
Food Web	When the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions
Cellular Respiration	The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
Trophic Level	Each step in a food chain or food web
Ecological Pyramid	Shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level
Biogeochemical Cycle	Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these cycles
Limiting Nutrient	Ecologists are often interested in the primary productivity of an ecosystem, which is the rate at which organic matter is created by producers
Algal Boom	Immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers

Created by: 15_njennings

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