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biology ch. 3 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecology | The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings |
| levels of organization | species,populations, communities, ecosystem, biome |
| biome | a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities |
| species | a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| autotroph/producer | use energy from the enviroment to fuel the assembly of simple inorganic compounds into complex organic molecules |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| chemosynthesis | when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates, usually performed by several types of bacteria |
| heterotroph/consumer | organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes |
| herbivore | eats plants |
| carnivore | eats animals |
| omnivore | eats plants and animals |
| detritivore | eats plants and animals remains and other dead matter, collectively called detritus |
| decomposer | break down organic matter |
| food chain | a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| food web | when the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions |
| cellular respiration | process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| trophic level | each step in a food chain or food web |
| ecological pyrmaid | shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level |
| biogeochemical cycle | elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed form one organism to another and from one part of the bioshpere to another through these cycles |
| limiting nutrient | single nutrient that either is scarce or cycles very slowly, limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem |
| algal bloom | an immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of a limiting nutrient |
Created by:
madeline_s
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