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Ch. 3 Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings | ecology |
| organism,population,community,ecosystem,biome,biosphere | levels of organization |
| a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities | biome |
| a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring | species |
| an organism that makes its own food | autotroph/producer |
| when autotrophs use light energy from the sun to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches | photosynthesis |
| when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohdrates | chemosynthesis |
| when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates | heterotrophs/consumers |
| eat plants | herbivores |
| eats animals | carnivores |
| eat plants and animals | omnivores |
| eat plant and animal remains and other dead mater, collectively called detritus | detritivores |
| break down organic matter | decomposers |
| a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | food chain |
| when the feeding relationships among the arious organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions | food web |
| the biochemical pathway by which cells release energy from the chemical bonds of food molecules and provide that energy for the essential processes of life | cellular respiration |
| each step in a food chain or food web | trophic levels |
| only about 10% of the energy avaiable within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level | ecological pyramid |
| elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these cycles | biogeochemical cycles |
| when an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly | limiting nutrient |
| whn an equatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient-the resultis often an immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers | algal bloom |
Created by:
15_mederle
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