scientific studies of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings

levels of organization

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities

group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring

organism that makes it's own food

when autotrophs use light energy from the sun to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply

eat plant and animal remains and other dead matter

series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

when the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions

a series of metabolic processes that take place within the cell

each step in a food chain or food web

shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level

biogeochemical system

elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these sycles

when ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly

when an aquatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient

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chapter 3

Question	Answer
ecology	scientific studies of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings
levels of organization	organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
biome	group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities
species	group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
autotroph/producer	organism that makes it's own food
photosynthesis	when autotrophs use light energy from the sun to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
chemosynthesis	when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
heterotroph/consumer	organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
herbivore	eat plants
carnivore	eat animals
omnivore	eat plants and animals
detritivore	eat plant and animal remains and other dead matter
decomposer	break down organic matter
food chain	series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
food web	when the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions
cellular respiration	a series of metabolic processes that take place within the cell
trophic level	each step in a food chain or food web
ecological pyramid	shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level
biogeochemical system	elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these sycles
limiting nutrient	when ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly
algal bloom	when an aquatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient

Created by: mrice15

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