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Chapter 3-Biology
1st semester
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings | ecology |
| a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring | species |
| groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area | populations |
| groups of different populations that live together in a defined area | communities |
| collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place together with their non-living environment | ecosystem |
| a gorup of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominate communities | biome |
| a class of individuals having some common characteristics or qualities; distinct sort or kind. | species |
| a process by which plants and some ther organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon-dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and startches | photosynthesis |
| use energy from the environment to fuel the assembly of simple inorganic compounds into complex organic molecules | autotrophs |
| when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates | chemosynthesis |
| an organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food. | heterotrouphs |
| eat plants | herbivores |
| eat animals | carnivores |
| eat plants and animals | omnivores |
| eat plant and animal remains and other dead matter, collectively called detritus | detritivores |
| break down organic matter | decomposers |
| a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | food chain |
| links all the food chains in an ecosystem together | food web |
| the oxidation of organic compounds that occurs within cells, producing energy for cellular processes. | cellular respiration |
| each step in a food chain or food web | trophic levels |
| shows the relative amounts of energy available at each trophic level | ecological pyramid |
| elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these cycles | biogeochemical cycle |
| when an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly | limiting nutrient |
| when an aquatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient | algal bloom |
Created by:
maddysexauer
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