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Earth History CH 15

QuestionAnswer
Uniformitarianism Gelogic processes occurring now are the same as those of the past
James Hutton Father of Geology
Catastrophism Principle that states that geologic change occurs suddenly through events called catastrophes. EX: Volcano Eruption or Earthquake
Charles Lyell Wrote the Principles of Geology
Actualism Modern explanation for Earth's history. Includes bothe uniformitarianism and catastrophism.
Paleontolgoy The study of past life
Paleontologist Scientist who study past life
Fossils The remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geological processes
Geological processes that preserve fossils 1. Rapid & Permanent Burial - Prevents decay 2. Hard parts are preserved best.
Orginial Remains Remains of an organism preserved in amber, ice, or asphalt.
Amber Hardened tree sap
Petrification Process which minerals replace the tissues of a living thing
Trace Fossil naturally preserved evidence of animal activity (footprints, borrows)
Mold Mark or cavity made in sedimentary rock by a shell or other body
Cast Type of fossil that forms when sediment fills in the cavity (mold) left by a decomposed organism.
Fossil Record Includes all of the artifacts that have been fossilized all over the world.
Index Fossil Fossil found in the rock layers of only one geologic age; used to establish the age of rock layers.
Absolute Dating The process of measuring the age of an object in years
Radioactive Decay Process in which unstable isotopes break into stable isotopes
Geology Study of the earth
Half-Life Time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay
Radioactive Isotope Unstable atoms
Mesozoic "The age of Reptiles"
Cenozoic "The age of Mammals"
Paleozoic "Old Life"
Extinction Death of every member of a species
Eon Largest division of geologic time
Unconformity Missing layer of rock in a sequence of rocks
Relative Dating Process of figuring out if an object is older or younger than another
Erosion Process of wearing down
Superposition Idea that younger rocks lie on top of older rocks
Why do scientists drill out ice cores? Recreate Earth's Climate History
How many years of Earth's history do geologists study? 4.6 Billion
What era are we in now? Cenozoic
Radioactive isotopes break down into stable isotopes of other elements Radioactive decay
Mesozoic Era Small birds and Mammals begin to evolve.
What doe the rock and fossil records represent? Geologic Time
Paleozoic Era Ended in the largest mass extinction
Created by: kendra.parker
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