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Earth History CH 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Uniformitarianism | Gelogic processes occurring now are the same as those of the past |
| James Hutton | Father of Geology |
| Catastrophism | Principle that states that geologic change occurs suddenly through events called catastrophes. EX: Volcano Eruption or Earthquake |
| Charles Lyell | Wrote the Principles of Geology |
| Actualism | Modern explanation for Earth's history. Includes bothe uniformitarianism and catastrophism. |
| Paleontolgoy | The study of past life |
| Paleontologist | Scientist who study past life |
| Fossils | The remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geological processes |
| Geological processes that preserve fossils | 1. Rapid & Permanent Burial - Prevents decay 2. Hard parts are preserved best. |
| Orginial Remains | Remains of an organism preserved in amber, ice, or asphalt. |
| Amber | Hardened tree sap |
| Petrification | Process which minerals replace the tissues of a living thing |
| Trace Fossil | naturally preserved evidence of animal activity (footprints, borrows) |
| Mold | Mark or cavity made in sedimentary rock by a shell or other body |
| Cast | Type of fossil that forms when sediment fills in the cavity (mold) left by a decomposed organism. |
| Fossil Record | Includes all of the artifacts that have been fossilized all over the world. |
| Index Fossil | Fossil found in the rock layers of only one geologic age; used to establish the age of rock layers. |
| Absolute Dating | The process of measuring the age of an object in years |
| Radioactive Decay | Process in which unstable isotopes break into stable isotopes |
| Geology | Study of the earth |
| Half-Life | Time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay |
| Radioactive Isotope | Unstable atoms |
| Mesozoic | "The age of Reptiles" |
| Cenozoic | "The age of Mammals" |
| Paleozoic | "Old Life" |
| Extinction | Death of every member of a species |
| Eon | Largest division of geologic time |
| Unconformity | Missing layer of rock in a sequence of rocks |
| Relative Dating | Process of figuring out if an object is older or younger than another |
| Erosion | Process of wearing down |
| Superposition | Idea that younger rocks lie on top of older rocks |
| Why do scientists drill out ice cores? | Recreate Earth's Climate History |
| How many years of Earth's history do geologists study? | 4.6 Billion |
| What era are we in now? | Cenozoic |
| Radioactive isotopes break down into stable isotopes of other elements | Radioactive decay |
| Mesozoic Era | Small birds and Mammals begin to evolve. |
| What doe the rock and fossil records represent? | Geologic Time |
| Paleozoic Era | Ended in the largest mass extinction |
Created by:
kendra.parker
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