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8th gr Sci Ch 6 Test
8th grade Science Chapter 6 Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the margin between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other or diverging | divergent boundaries |
| the margin between two tectonic plates that are moving toward each other or converging | convergent boundaries |
| the margin between two tectonic plates that are sliding in opposite directions parallel to the margin. | transform boundaries |
| any change in shape of a solid under stress | strain |
| a stress crack in a rock that shows no indications of motion of the rock on either side of the crack | joint |
| occurs when the sections of rock on opposite sides of the crack move relative to each other | fault |
| measures the compass direction of a fault | strike |
| measures the faults' tilt | dip |
| a fault whose main motion is parallel to its dip direction | dip-slip fault |
| a dip-slip fault in which the body of rock above the fault surface drops relative to the body of rock underneath the surface | normal fault |
| a dip-slip fault in which the upper body of rock slides upward relative to the lower body of rock | reverse fault |
| a fault along which the main movement is horizontal or parallel to the fault's strike also called transform fault | strike |
| installed at seismic stations to detect these earthquake waves | seismometers |
| fastest body waves (first) They travel through both solid and liquid rock in the earth's interior | p-waves |
| type of waves to arrive at seismic station. Much larger compared to p-waves (second) | s-waves |
| last wave to reach a seismic station. Have 2 basic forms: rayleigh and love waves | surface waves |
| the center of an earthquake's activity | focus |
| is the spot on the earth's surface directly above the focus | epicenter |
| strengths of earthquakes are reported using this scale | richter scale |
| the measure of an earthquake's energy | magnitude |
| is a measure of how much damage actually results from the earthquake | intensity |
| earthquakes can also trigger devastating waves, it forms when seismic waves shake a body of water...etc. | tsunamis |
| How might students like you help provide earthquake warnings? | Students would use accelerometers |
| Causes of earthquakes: | volcanos, and landslides |
| Diff. types of stresses | Tension, Compression, Shear |
| Most devestating earthquake | Shear |
| Plate forced under another | subduction |
| Which boundaries have subduction? | Converging |
| What distinguishes a joint from a fault? | Joint- crack that doesn't separate the rock Fault- crack that goes through the rock |
| Find major faults where? | Mountain ranges |
| Diff. between dip-slip and strike-slip | Dip-slip is divides into normal and reverse (up and down movement) Strike-slip's movement is horizontal and moves parallel to the fault |
| name of longest strike-slip fault in the U.S. | San Andreas |
| Small vibrations after an earthquake | aftershock |
| 3 types of seismic waves | P waves, S waves, Seismic waves |
| Which causes the most damage? | Surface waves |
| Raleigh and Love waves are examples of | Surface waves |
| What type of fault would cause the older fossil to be on top of a younger fossil? | overthrust |
| How much does an earthquake's energy change with each number on the Richter scale? | 31.6 times as much energy each number |
| What is the highest magnitude on the Richter scale? | 1/9.0+ at 7.0 it becomes a major earthquake |
| Besides the magnitude of an earthquake, what other major factor can increase seismic damage in even well built areas? | Building collapse, fire, tsunamis and landslides |
| What is the maximum value on the intensity scale and what would be the observed result? | Greater the 9:0, and it would be a regional destruction |
| Diff. between intensity and magnitude | intensity-damage magnitude-energy or strength |
| Measured on the Mercalli scale | Intensity |
| Richter,Mercali, Raleigh, and love were all... | seismologists |
| Diff between tsunami and tidal waves.. | Tsunami-a far reaching, devestating water wave caused by seismic activity Tidal waves-high and low tidal bulges that move around the earth as it rotates |
| Seismogram, Seismograph, and Seismometer similarities.. | are all used to track seismic waves |
| The Analogous Days Theory | considers the entire creation narrative as a symbolic view of God's real creative acts in the world. |
| Earthquake Deaths | There are many lives taken when it comes to earthquakes because of these hazards; buildings collapsing, fires, tsunamis, & landslides |
| Diagram: | Strike, Dip, Fault |
Created by:
bgpalmers
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