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Ecology 3 Biomes
Ecology 3 Biomes Packet Vocabulary 7th Grade BCMS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alpine | contains weather with snow, high winds, ice and cold; found in the world's mountain regions at elevations of 10,000 or higher |
| Aquatic | water |
| Biome | a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities |
| Climate | the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time |
| Community | set of species interacting within the ecosystem |
| Bog | A wetland where sphagnum moss grows on top of acidic water. |
| Canopy | dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall forest trees |
| Chaparral | A scrubland biome of dense, spiny evergreen shrubs found at mid-latitudes along coasts where cold ocean currents circulate offshore; characterized by mild, rainy winters and long, hot, dry summers. |
| Dispersal | The process in which individuals leave one area for another one. |
| Deciduous | Trees and shrubs that shed their leaves at the end of the growing season |
| Decomposition | decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action |
| Desert | An extremely dry area with little water and few plants |
| Grassland | land where grass or grass like vegetation grows and is the dominant form of plant life |
| Evergreen | a tree that does not lose its leaves in the winter, and stays green all year round |
| Freshwater | relating to or living in or consisting of water that is not salty |
| Estuary | the area where a freshwater stream or river merges with the ocean |
| Kelp | any of various large, tough, brown seaweeds |
| Temperate zone | climate that has four distinct seasons and temperature changes |
| Conifer | needle-bearing tree that produce seeds in cones |
| Shrublands | Dry hot summers, cold wet winters, summer fires, drought resistance shrubs, evergreen folage. |
| Marsh | a treeless wetland ecosystem where plants such as grasses grow |
| Swamp | a wetland ecosystem in which shrubs and trees grow |
| Terrestrial | land |
| Permafrost | layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the tundra |
| Taiga | Also known as a coniferous forest has cold winters and pines dominant. Russian term meaning swamp forest. |
| Boreal | northern |
| Tundra | a vast treeless plain in the arctic regions between the ice cap and the tree line |
| Arctic Tundra | Cold, vast, treeless area of low, swampy plains in the far north around the Arctic Ocean. This is the earth's coldest biome. Very dry (less the 25 cm. annual precipitation) |
| Alpine Tundra | biome at high mountain altitudes, which has vegetation & climate similar to those of the Arctic tundra (though no permafrost) |
| Northern Coniferous Forest | characterized by long, cold winters, 25 -75 cm. annual precipitation, poor soils and dominated by cone-bearing trees. |
| Temperate Deciduous | forest in a temperate region, characterized by trees that drop their leaves annually, 75 cm or more annual precipitation and fertile soils. |
| Temperate Rain Forest | 200 cm to 400 cm of precipitation each year, average temperatures between 9 -12 degrees Celsius and dominated by trees with needle like leaves |
| Tropical Rain Forest | near the equator with consistent warm temperatures, wet weather (200-400 cm annual rainfall), and lush plant growth. |
| African Savannah | a tropical or subtropical grassland containing scattered trees and drought-resistant undergrowth. Annual precipitation is between 25 - 75 cm. |
| North America Grassland | characterized by fertile soils with a thick cover of grasses. Annual precipitation is between 25 - 75 cm. |
| Chaparral Biome | dry, mostly small trees, shrubs, and patches of grass, found in temperate areas. Has hot dry summers, rainy mild winters |
| Desert | Characterized by low moisture (less than 25 cm/year) levels and infrequent and unpredictable precipitation. Daily and seasonal temperatures fluctuate widely |
| Lake | A body of water that is usually larger than a pond and has areas that are too deep for rooted plants to grow |
| Pond | body of water so shallow that rooted plants grow across the entire bottom |
| River | Characterized by flowing water, resulting in continuous changes. Organisms are adapted to live with the flow conditions. Current creates many microhabitats. There is a large variation between different streams and rivers. |
| Estuary | Partially enclosed coastal area at the mouth of a river where its fresh water, carrying fertile silt and runoff from the land, mixes with salty seawater. |
| Wetland | Water either covers the soil or is present at or near the surface of the soil for at least part of the year. Swamps, marshes and bogs are types of wetlands |
| Coral Reef | diverse and productive environment named for the coral animals that make up its primary structure |
| Kelp Forest | Coastal ocean community named for its dominant organism—kelp, a giant brown alga. They are found in coastal water with hard, rocky bottom and cold water currents that carry a continuous supply of nutrients |
| Biogeography | The study of where organisms live |
| Phytoplankton | Population of small photosynthetic organisms found near surface of ocean, provide nourishment at base of food chain in oceans |
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dlindhol
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