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Ecology & Biosphere
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dispersal | The movement of individuals away from their area of origin |
| Deep-sea Hydrothermal Vent | a dark, hot, oxygen deficient environment associated with volcanic activity near the sea floor |
| Marine Benthic Zone | consists of the seafloor below the surface waters of the neritic zone and the offshore pelagic zone |
| Coral Reef | a warm water, tropical ecosystem dominated by the hard skeletal structures secreted by corals |
| Oceanic Pelagic Zone | a vast realm of open blue water, constantly mixed by wind-driven oceanic currents |
| Intertidal Zone | the shallow zone of the ocean adjacent to land |
| Estuary | A transition area between a river and sea |
| Wetland | A habitat that is inundated by water at least some of the time and that supports plants adapted to water-saturated soil. |
| Limnetic Zone | Area of a lake where water is too deep to support rooted aquatic plants |
| Littoral Zone | The shallow, well-lit waters close to the shore in lakes |
| Eutrophic Lakes | Lakes that are rich in nutrients but are often depleted of oxygen |
| Oligotrophic Lakes | Lakes that are lacking nutrients but full of oxygen |
| Turnover | The mixing of waters as a result of changing water-temperature profiles in a lake |
| Thermocline | A narrow layer of abrupt temperature changes in oceans and lakes |
| Detritus | Dead organic matter; major food source for benthos |
| Benthos | The communities of organisms living in the benthic zone |
| Benthic Zone | The bottom surface of an aquatic environment |
| Abyssmal Zone | The part of the ocean's benthic zone between 2000 and 6000 meters deep |
| Pelagic Zone | The open water component of aquatic biomes |
| Photic Zone | The narrow top layer of an ocean or lake where enough light penetrates for photosynthesis to occur |
| Aphotic Zone | The part of an ocean or lake where light does not penetrate enough for photosynthesis to occur |
| Tundra | A terrestrial biome at the extreme limits of plant growth. |
| Temperate Broadleaf Forest | A biome where there is sufficient moisture to support the growth of large, broadleaf deciduous trees |
| Northern Coniferous Forest | A terrestrial biome characterized by long, cold winters and by cone-bearing trees |
| Temperate Grasslands | Terrestrial biomes that are dominated by grasses and forbs |
| Chaparral | A scrubland biome of dense, spiny evergreen shurbs found along coasts where cold ocean currents circulate offshore |
| Savanna | A tropical grassland biome with scattered individual trees and large herbivores |
| Desert | A terrestrial biome characterized by very low precipitation |
| Ecology | The scientific study of interactions between organisms and the environment |
| Biosphere | The sum of all the planet's ecosystems and landscapes |
| Global Ecology | Examines how the regional exchange of energy and materials influences the functioning and distribution of organisms across the biosphere |
| Landscape/Seascape | An area containing several different ecosystems linked by exchanges of energy, materials and organisms |
| Landscape Ecology | Focuses on the factors influencing landscape |
| Ecosystem | The community of organisms in an area and the physical factors with which those organisms interact |
| Ecosystem ecology | Emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environment |
| Community | A group of populations of different species in an area |
| Community Ecology | Examines how interactions between species affect community structure and organization |
| Population | A group of individuals of the same species living in an area |
| Population Ecology | Analyzes factors that affect population size and how and why it changes through time |
| Organismal Ecology | Concerned with how an organism's structure, physiology and behavior meet the challenges posed by its environment |
| Tropics | The sun hits most directly in these regions so they receive the most light and heat |
| Climate | The long-term, prevailing weather conditions in a given area |
| Macroclimate | Climate patterns on the global, regional and landscape level |
| Microclimate | Very fine, localized climate patters, such as those encountered by the community of organisms that live beneath a fallen log |
| Abiotic | Nonliving factors that influence the distribution and abundance of organisms (i.e. temperature) |
| Biotic | Living factors that influence the distribution and abundance of organisms (i.e. predator) |
| Biomes | Major life zones characterized by vegetation type or by the physical environment |
| Climograph | A plot of the annual mean temperature and precipitation in a particular region |
| Ecotone | The area of intergradation between terrestrial biomes |
| Canopy | The top layer of a forest |
| Disturbance | An event (i.e. storm, fire, human activity) that changes a community, removing organisms from it and altering resource availability |
| Tropical Rain Forest | A terrestrial biome characterized by relatively high precipitation and temperatures year-round |
| Tropical Dry Forest | A terrestrial biome characterized by relatively high temperatures and precipitarion overall, but with a pronounced dry season |
Created by:
rachelhh
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