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AHS Biology

Chapter 5

QuestionAnswer
Diffusion the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Concentration Gradient the difference in the concentration of molecules across the distance
Equilibrium the concentration of molecules will be the same throughout the space the molecules occupy
Osmosis diffusion of water through a membrane
Hypotonic the concentration of the solute outside the cell is lower than the concentration of the solvent inside the cell
Hypertonic the concentration of the solute outside the cell is higher than the concentration of the solvent inside the cell
Isotonic when the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell is the same.
Contractile Vacuoles organelles that remove water
Turgor Pressure the pressure that the water molecules exert against the cell wall
Plasmolysis cells shrink away from cell walls and turgor pressure is lost
Cytolysis the bursting of cells
Carrier Proteins a protein that transports substances across the cell membrane
Facilitated Diffusion the transport of substances through a cell membrane with the aid of carrier proteins
Ion Channels diffusion of ions through membranes
Active Transport the movement of materials that requires energy
Sodium-Potassium Pump a protein carrier embedded in an animal cell membrane that moves ions from low to high concentration
Endocytosis the process by which cells ingest fluid and large particles
Vesicle a pouch that pinches off from the cell membrane and becomes its own membrane bound organelle
Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis that involves the transport of solutes or fluids
Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis that involves the transport of large particles or whole cells.
Phagocytes cells that allows lysosomes to fuse with the vesicles that contain the ingested bacteria and viruses
Exocytosis a process by which a substance released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface then fuses with the membrane to let substances out of the cell.
Created by: tbostwick
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