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Earthquake

Chapter 3

Vocabulary TermsDefinitions
earthquake vibration caused by the release of stored energy
aftershock vibration that occurs following the principal earthquake
Richter scale describes the magnitude of an earthquake
magnitude amount of energy released
earthquake predictor increase in radon gas
earthquake predictor change in Earth's magnetic and gravitational fields
earthquake predictor swelling rock formations
earthquake predictor changes in the tilt of rock slabs below ground
Richter scale increase of 1.0 30 times more energy is released
Richter scale decrease of 1.0 30 times less energy is released
normal fault rock slabs pull apart and one slab moves up & the other slab moves down
reverse fault rock slabs are pushing together, and one slab has pushed under the other along the fault
strike-slip fault rock slabs move horizontally past each other
fault a break in rocks along which the rocks have moved
focus point inside the Earth where the earthquake begins
epicenter point on Earth's surface directly above focus
most destructive quakes focus is not deep within the Earth
tectonic plate boundaries location of most earthquakes
wave rhythmic disturbance that carries energy
most destructive wave L waves
L waves cause rock to move up and down
S waves cause rocks to move at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling
P waves cause rock to vibrate in the same direction the wave is traveling
fastest waves P waves
seismograph records waves
slowest waves surface waves
spring seismograph measures up and down movements
pendulum seismograph measures side to side movements
measures S waves spring seismograph
measures P waves pendulum seismograph
L waves also called surface waves
tsunami caused by earthquake on ocean floor
earthquakes cannot be predicted
tsunamis can be predicted
fault crack in layers of rock
large sea wave tsunami
energy is built up before earthquakes occur
unnoticed in the open ocean tsunami
San Andreas Fault strike-slip
plate boundary where tectonic plates meet
Created by: richardsonl
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