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Disease.Micro

chapter 23 & 24

QuestionAnswer
Dental Caries Pathogen: Streptococcus mutans Symptoms: discolored or hole in tooth enamel Tx: remove decay prevention: brushing, flossing decrease sucrose intake
Periodontal Disease Pathogen: Gingivitis- Streptococcus/Actinomycetes Periodontitis- Porphyromonas Symptoms: bleeding gums, pus in pockets Tx- remove damaged area;antibiotics prevention: plaque removal
Staphylococcal food poisoning Pathogen:Staphylococcus aureus Symptoms:Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Intoxication (enterotoxin) Dx test:Phage typing Tx:none
Shigellosis Pathogen: Shigella Symptoms: Tissue damage and dysentery Infection (endotoxin) Dx test: Isolation of bacteria Tx: Quinolones
Salmonellosis Pathogen: Salmonella enterica Symptoms: Nausea and diarrhea Infection (endotoxin) Dx test: Isolation of bacteria Tx: Oral rehydration
Typhoid fever Pathogen:Salmonella typhi Symptoms:High fever Infection (endotoxin) Dx test: Isolation of bacteria Tx:Cephalosporin
Cholera Pathogen: Vibrio cholera Symptoms:Diarrhea w/ deydration Cholera toxin Dx test: Isolation of bacteria Tx:Rehydration, doxycycline
E coli gastroenteritis Pathogen:E.coli Symptoms:Dysentery hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremia Infection Dx test:Isolation Tx:Intravenous rehydration, monitor serum electrolytes
Traveler's diarrhea Pathogen: Enterotoxigenic E.coli Symptoms:Watery diarrhea Infection Dx test:Isolation Tx:Oral rehydration
Helicobacter peptic ulcer Pathogen: Helicobacter pylori Symptoms:Peptic ulcer Infection Dx test:Urea breath test; culture Tx:Antibiotics
Clostridium perfingens Gastroenteritis Pathogen: Clostridium perfingens Symptoms:Diarrhea Infection Dx test:Isolation of bacteria Tx:Oral rehydration
Mumps Pathogen: Mumps virus Symptoms:Painful swollen parotid gland Incubation period: 16-18 days Dx test:Virus culture;symptoms Tx:Preventive vaccine
Viral gastroenteritis Pathogen: Rotavirus Symptoms:Vomiting, diarrhea for 1 week Incubation period: 1-3 days Dx test:Enzyme immunoassay Tx:Oral rehydration
Hepatitis A Pathogen: A virus picornaviridae symptoms: Subclinical, fever, HA, malaise, jaundice Incubation period: 2-6 weeks Cause:Ingestion Dx test: IgM antibodies tx:Inactivated virus, postexposure immunoglobulin
Hepatitis B Pathogen: B virus Hepadnaviridae symptom: Subclinical w/o HA, more likely to progess to severe liver damage Incubation period: 4-26 weeks Cause:Parenteral, sexual intercourse Dx test: IgM antibodies Tx: Genetically modified vaccine produced in
Hepatitis C Pathogen: C virus, Flaviviridae Symptom:Much like HBV, more likely to become chronic Incubation period: 2-22 weeks Cause: Parenteral Dx test: Test for viral RNA Tx: none
Ergot Poisoning Pathogen:Claviceps purpurea Symptoms: Restricted blood flow to limbs; hallucinations Reservoir or host:Mycotoxin pathogen: produced by fungus on grain Dx test:Fungus on food Tx:None
Aflatoxin poisoning Pathogen: Aspergillus flavus Symptom:Liver cirrhosis or cancer Reservoir or host: Mycotoxin from food fungus Dx test: Immunoassay on food Tx:None
Giardiasis Pathogen: Giardia lamblia symptom: Malabsorption,diarrhea Reservoir or host: Water; animals Tx: Metronidazole
Cryptospridiosis Pathogen: Cryptosporidium hominis Symptoms:Self limiting diarrhea, can be life threatening to immunosuppressed patients reservoir or host:Cattle, water Tx: Oral rehydration
Amoebic dysentery Pathogen: Entamoeba histolytica Symptoms:Intestinal abcess, high mortality Reservoir or host:Humans Dx test: Serology Tx: Metronidazole
Tapeworms Pathogen:Tenia saginata; T. solium; Diphyllobothrium latum Symptoms: Worms live on undigested intestinal contents Reservoir or host: Cattle, pigs, fish Humans Dx test: Feces microscopy Tx: Praziquantel
Pinworms Pathogen: Enterbius vermicularis Symptoms:Anal itching Reservoir or host: Humans Dx test: Microscopic exam Tx:Pyrantel
Hookworms Pathogen: Necator americanus Symptom: Large infections may result in anemia Reservoir or host: Larvae enter skin from soil; humans Dx test: Microscopic exam Tx: Mebendazole
cystitis inflammation of the bladder; difficult painful urination; E.coli
pyelonephritis inflammation of one or both of the kidneys; severe back pain; E. coli
gonorrhea Neisseria gonnorhoea;attach to epithelial mucosal cells; males- painful urination with pus; females- less obvious/ more insidious; complications include endocarditis, meningitis, eye, arthritis, opthalmia neonatorum/blindness;Tx fluorquinolone antibiotic.
nongonococcal urethritis Chlamydia trachomatis ; painful urination and water discharge; most common STD in US; symptoms, males- mild asymptomatic, epididymitis; female- inflammation of the uterine tubes, sterility
pelvic inflammatory disease N. gonorrhoea, infection of uterine tubes most serious; ectopic pregnancy
syphilis Treponema pallidum; gram negative spirochete; several stages beginning with hard painless chancre on genitals leading to serious conditions if left untreated;
bacterial vaginosis 3 causative agents, (fungus) C. albicans, (protozoan)T. vaginalis, (bacteria) Gardnerella vaginalis; decreases Lactobacillus population which can encourage microbial antagonism ; frothy vaginal discharge;
genital herpes HSV-2; genital lesions initially, painful urination; frequent recurring infection triggered by illness, stress, menstruation; virus lies dormant in the sacral nerve
genital warts Papillomavirus; cervical cancer;
AIDS HIV; damage to immune system, attacks Tcells;
Candidiasis yeast infection, Candida albicans
trichomoniasis Trich vaginalis (protozoan) ; profuse greenish yellow foul odorous discharge from the genitals.
Name common microbiota of the digestive system Lactobaccillus, E.coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus
Name the normal microbiota of the urinary system -Lactobaccili, Corynbacteria
Compare and contrast infectious vs. intoxication diseases of the digestive system Infection: caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection Intoxication: put into body
Created by: martinezl
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