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Mod 2B A&P Ch. 13

The Heart and Heart Disease

QuestionAnswer
Cardiovascular System The system that supplies our cells transportation needs.
Cardiopulmonary Resusciation CPR
Atria Two upper chambers of the heart (singular Atrium, walls are thinner and less muscular; receiving chambers
Ventricles Two lower chambers of the heart, discharging chambers.
Myocardium Cardiac muscle tissue.
Interatrial Septum The septum between the atrial chambers.
Endocardium Thin, smooth layer lining the chambers of the heart.
Endocarditis Inflammation of the endocardium.
Thrombus Clot
Pericardium Membrane that surrounds the heart.
Visceral Pericardium Inner layer of the pericardium.
Parietal Pericardium Outer layer of the pericardium.
Pericarditis Inflammation of the pericardium.
Systole Contractions of the heart; upper number
Diastole Relaxation of the heart; lower number.
Two valves that separate the atrial chambers. Atrioventricular (AV) valves.
Atrioventricular Valves Bicuspid/Mitral and Tricuspid
Bicuspid/Mitral Valce Located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Tricuspid Located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Chordae Tendineae String-like structures that attach the AV valces to the wall of the heart.
Two valves that separate the ventricle chambers. Pulmonoary semilunar valve and Aortic semilunar valve.
Pulmonoary Semilunar Valve Located at the beginning of the pulmonary artery.
Aortic Semilunar Valve Located at the beginning of the aorta.
Incompetent Valves Leak, allowing some blood to flow back into the chamber from which it came.
Stenosed Valves Narrower than normal, slowing blood flow from a heart chamber.
Rheumatic Heart Disease Cardiac damage from a delayed inflammatory response to streptococcal infection; mostly in children.
Mitral Valve Prolapse A condition affecting the bicuspid/mitral valve, genetic; valve whose flaps extend back into the left atrium causing leaking.
Heart Murmur Abnormal sounds of the heart.
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Veins
Pulmonary Circulation Movement of blood from the right ventricle into the lungs.
Systemic Circulation Movement of blood from the left ventricle throughout the body as a whole.
Coronary Circulation The delivery of oxygen and nutrient-rich arterial blood to cardiac muscle tissue and the return of oxygen-poor blood from this active tissue to the venous system.
Myocardial Infarction Tissue death; heart attack
Atherosclerosis Hardening of the arteries.
Angina Pectoris Severe chest pain
Coronary Bypass Surgery Treatment for severely restricted coronary artery blood flow.
Coronary Sinus
Cardiac Cycle Each complete heartbeat.
Stroke Volume Volume of blood ejected from the ventricles during each heart beat.
Cardiac Output Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute.
Sinoatrial Node SA node; pacemaker
AV bundle Bundle of His
Electrocardiogram Graphic record of the heart's electrical activity.
Deplorization Electrical activity that triggers contraction of the heart muscle.
Replorization
P Wave
QRS Complex
T Wave
Dysrhythmia Abnormal heart rhythm.
Bradycardia Slow heart rhythm; less than 60 bpm
Tachycardia Rapid heart rhythm; over 100 bpm
Sunus Dysrhythmia Variation in heart rate during the breathing cycle.
Premature Contractions Contractions that ocur before the next expected contraction in a series of cardiac cycles.
Fibrillation A condition in which cardiac muscle fibers contract out of step with each other.
Artificial Pacemaker A battery operated device implanted under the skin and connected by wires to the myocardium.
Automatic External Defbrillators AED; a device that detects a person's heart rhythm using small electrode pads placed on the torso.
Heart Failure Inability of the heart to pump enough blood to sustain life.
Cardiomypathy Disease of the myocardial tissue, reduces pumping effectiveness.
Cor Pulmonale Right-side heart failure
Congestive Heart Failure CHF; Left sided heart failure.
Pulmonary Edema Congestion of blood in the pulmonary circulation.
Created by: ROSSMIBOA
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