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Kickass cardio
cardiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what results in 80-90% mortality rate even with the best care possible | cardiogenic shock |
| what drug is contraindicated in the treatment of cardiogenic shock | Inderal (propranolol) |
| the amount of blood ejected by the heart in one cardiac contraction is known as | ejection fraction |
| the pressure in the ventricle at the end of diastole is known as | preload |
| what is the equation for blood pressure | SV x HR x SVR |
| During ventricular systole which valves open | aortic |
| the electrical pathway | 1,SA 2.inter nodal pathways 3.AV 4.bundle of HIS 5. bundle branches 6. purkinje fibers |
| The sympathetic receptors that are located in the blood vessels and responsible for vasoconstriction | alpha 1 receptors |
| the cardiac contractile force is called | inotropy |
| the heart sound heard by closure of the AV valves is | S1 |
| a junctional escape rhythm originates from the | AV node when the SA node is firing at a slower rate than the AV |
| an infarction that involves the entire thickness of the myocardium | transmural |
| What rhythm requires trans cutaneous pacing | 3rd degree AV block |
| the time an impulse takes to travel from the atria to the ventricles is known as | PR interval |
| a normal QRS lasts | 0.04-0.12 secs |
| the absolute refractory period is from the | beginning of the QRS to the apex of the T wave |
| to perform standard TCP, set the demand rate to | 60-80 bpm |
| V-fib can | 1.mimic artifact on the monitor 2.may produce a peripheral pulse 3. should be treated with early defibbrilation |
| when initiating TCP in a pulsing patient you should begin with the mA output set at | the minnimum setting 0 |
| Hypokalemia treatment | transport |
| treatment for RT sided heart failure | fluids |
| Hyperkalemia treatment | calcium chloride/sodium bicarb/insulin and glucose |
| A goal to treat left ventricular failure is to | decrease myocardial oxygen demand |
| this disease leads to: organ engorgement,venous distention,pitting edema,ascites and or pericardial tamponade | right ventricular heart failure |
| which arrythmia is commonly associated with sudden death | V-fib |
| a sound produced by the body to protect the lungs during LVHF | Wheezing |
| BP on the left arm and hard to read on the right, patient is suffering from | a dissecting ascending aorta |
| sharp tearing pain between the scapula, patient is suffering from | dissecting aneurysm |
| pain comes on suddenly and is 10 from onset | aneurysm |
| pain usually lasts 3-5 mins but can last up to 15 mins | stable angina |
| pain may come on gradually and build with intensity over the time with resulting irreversable tissue death | myocardial infarction |
| pain is usually found in the lower back or flank region it can radiate to the thigh, groin and perineum | aneurysm |
| pain usually comes on at rest it can be relieved over time by O2 rest and nitro | unstable angina |
| the greater the venous return, the greater the preload, the greater the force of contraction and the greater the stroke volume is describing what | Starlings law |
| Atrial systole force is determined by | preload and stretch of ventricles |
| LVHF signs and symptoms | resp distress,apprehension,cyanosis,diaphoresis,resp acidosis,rales,rhonchi,wheezing,JVD,altered,HTN,CP,tachy/irregular,tachyapnea |
| Cor pulmonale | HTN in the lungs which causes right ventricular hypertrophy |
| the cell is negative on the inside compared to the outside | resting potential (polarization) |
| K+ movement out of the cell starts this phase | repolarization |
| This phase is responcible for muscle contraction | action potential (depolarization) |
| cell is considered the most positive on the inside compared to the outside | action potential (depolarization) |
| small box represents | 0.04 sec |
| a large box represents | 0.20sec |
Created by:
rebeccabelleth
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