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Chapter 22 SG
Plants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 main types of plant cells. | -Parenchyma Cells -Collenchyma Cells -Sclerenchyma Cells |
| Parenchyma cell functions and an example of where these cells are found. | Functions -storage -photosynthesis -gas exchange -protection -tissue repair and replacement |
| Collenchyma cell functions and an example of where these cells are found. | Functions -support for surrounding tissues -provides flexibility for plant -tissue repair and replacement Found in celery |
| Schlerenchyma cell functions and an example of where these cells are found. | Lack a cytoplasm and have thick rigid cell walls. Two types:Sclereids, and Fibers Functions -support -transport of materials |
| Name the 4 main types of plant tissues. | -Meristematic Tissues -Dermal Tissue -Vascular Tissue -Ground Tissue |
| Describe meristemic tissues. | Regions of rapidly dividing cells.Aprical meristems They are in the tips of roots and stems They increase in length Intercalry meristems They are found in the stem of leaf They increase in length Lateral meristems They are found in roots and stems |
| Describe dermal tissues. | The outer layer of the cell is called the epidermis. Epidermal cells can create a fatty substance that forms the cuticle. he cuticle helps reduce water loss and prevent bacteria from entering the plant. Stomata: small opening through which carbon |
| Describe vascular tissues. | Xylem transports water away from the roots composed of specialized cells called vessel elements tubular cells that stack end to end that enable the free movement of water and dissolved substances tracheids long, cylindrical cells with pitted ends |
| Describe ground tissues. | Consist: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells Functions include photosynthesis, storage, and support Most common type of tissue found in plants |
| Describe root functions. | The first structure to grow out off the seed Take in water and dissolve minerals that are transported to the rest of the plant They anchor the plant. |
| List the layers of the root from the outside inward. | root cap. the cortex endodermis Casparian strip. the pericycle. |
| Describe the functions of stems. | The provide support They transport water and dissolve substances Store food and water |
| Explain herbaceous and woody stems. | Herbaceous soft, flexible green stems Ex, grass. Woody have tough, cork-like tissues Ex, any tree |
| Describe the functions of leaves. | The main function of a leaf is photosynthesis. |
| Name the 4 plant hormones. | Auxin Gibberellins Ethylene Cytokinins |
| Describe auxins and how they affect a plant. | stimulates the lengthening of cells affects the rate of growth in roots, stems, and leaves Two effects are that they cause fruits to drop from plants when they ripe causes aprical dominants, which makes the plant grow mosty upward. |
| Describe gibberellins and how they affect a plant. | causes cell elongation, stimulates cell division, and affects seed growth applying gibberellins to a plant can cause an increase in height |
| Describe ethylene and how they affect a plant. | its the only gas hormone found in plant tissues such as ripening fruits, dying leaves, and flowers affects the ripening of fruits fruits are softer and sweeter than unripe fruits |
| Describe cytokinins and how they affect a plant. | promotes cell division by stimulating the production of the proteins needed for mitosis and cytokinesis produced in rapidly dividing cells when used in combination with auxins, produces rapid growth of the plant |
| Describe a nastic response and give 2 examples. | response of a plant that causes movement independent of the direction of the stimulus is not a growth response, it is reversible, and can be repeated. Ex. Sunflowers following the sun during the day Closing of a Venus flytrap’s leaves |
| Describe tropic response. | A tropism is a plant’s growth response to an external stimulus. |
| Name and describe three tropisms. | Phototropism The plant reacts to light caused by an unequal amount of auxin. Gravitropism Is a response to gravity. Roots grow with gravity so they have a positive gravitropism. Stems grow against gravity so they have a negative gravitropism. Thigmotr |
| In stems, how are vascular tissues arranged for monocots and dicots? | |
| In roots, how are vascular tissues arranged for monocots and dicots? |
Created by:
savannahperkins
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