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Chapter 22 test
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 main types of plant cells. | -Parenchyma Cells -Collenchyma Cells -Sclerenchyma Cells |
| Parenchyma cell function and an example of where these cells are found. | Functions: -Storage -Photosynthesis -Gas exchange -Protection -Tissue repair and replacement Example: found in potatoes |
| Collenchyma cell functions and an example of where these cells are found. | Functions: -Support and surrounding tissues -Provides flexibility for plant -Tissue repair and replacement Example: found in celery |
| Schlerenchyma cell functions and an example of where these cells are found. | Functions: -Support -Transport minerals |
| Name the 4 main types of plant tissues. | 1. Meristematic Tissue 2. Dermal Tissue 3. Vascular Tissue 4. Ground Tissue |
| Describe meristemic tissues. | Has gions of rapidly diving cells/ -Apical meristems (In the tips of roots and stems; increase in length -Intercalary meristems- (Found it the stem or leaf; increase in length) -Lateral meristems (Found in roots and stems; increase in diameter) |
| Describe dermal tissues. | -They layer of cells that makes up the outer cover covering on a plant is the epidermal cells can create a fatty substance that forms the cuticle -The cuticle helps reduce water loss and prevent bacteria from entering the plant |
| Describe vascular tissues. | -Contains Xylem and Phloem Xylem contains vessel elements and tracheids |
| Describe ground tissues. | -consist of parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells -functoins include photosynthesis, storage, and support -most common tissue found in plants |
| Describe root functions. | -first structure to grow out of the seed -take in water and dissolved minerals -anchor the plant |
| List the layers of the root from the outside inward. | Root cap Cortex Endodermis Pericycle |
| Describe the functions of stems. | -provides support -transport water and dissolved substances -stores food and water -have vascular bundles |
| Explain herbaceous and woody stems. | herbaceous stems: -soft, flexible green stems (grass) Woody: -tough, cork-like tissues (trees) |
| Describe the functions of leaves | -main function is photosynthesis -flat part of a leaf is called a blade -blade is attached to a petiole -water evaporates from the leaf by transpiration |
| Name the 4 plant hormones. | 1. Auxin 2. Gibberellins 3. Ethylene 4. Cytokinins |
| Describe auxins and how they affect a plant. | -Stimulates the length of cells -Affects the rate of growth in roots, stems, and leaves -Causes fruits to drop from plants when ripe, causes apical dominants which makes the plants grow mostly upward. |
| Describe gibberellins and how they affect a plant. | -Causes cell elongation, stimulates cell division, and affects seed growth -applying gibberellins to a plant can cause an increase in height |
| Describe ethylene and how they affect a plant. | -affects the ripening of fruits -Fruits are softer and sweeter than unripe fruits -The only known gaseous hormone -Found in plant tissues such as ripening fruits, dying leaves, and flowers |
| Describe cytokinins and how they affect a plant. | -promote cell division by stimulating the production of the protein needed for mitosis and cytokinesis -Produced in rapidly dividing cells -When used in combination with auxins, produces rapid growth of the plant |
| Describe a nastic response and give 2 examples. | -A response of a plant that causes movement independent of the direction of the stimulus -is not a growth response, it is reversible,& can be repeated Ex: Sunflowers following the sun; closing of a Venus flytrap's leaves |
| Describe tropic response. | -a tropism is a plant's growth response to an eternal sitmulus |
| Name and describe three tropisms. | Phototropism- the plant reacts to light caused by an unequal amount of auxin Gravitropism- response to gravity; roots grow with gravity so they have a postitive -Thigmotropism- response to a chemical stimuli; a vining plant will wrap around a post |
| In stems, how are vascular tissues arranged for monocots and dicots? | Monocots: vascular bundles are scattered throughout the cell Dicots:vascular bundles are near the edge of the stem |
| In roots, how are vascular tissues arranged for monocots and dicots? | Monocots:vascular tissue forms rings around the center Diocots:Shaped like a star |
Created by:
Kdunivan
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