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Biology Ch.7 Vocab
vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell | The basic unit of living organisms |
| Compound light microscopes | series of lenses magnifying objects in steps. |
| Cell theory | All organisms composed of one or more cells-The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms- and all cells come from preexisting cells. |
| Electron microscope | uses a beam of electrons instead of natural light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times their actual size. |
| prokaryotes | cells of most unicellular organisms such as bacteria do not have membrane-bound structures and are therefore called. Prokaryotes |
| eukaryotes | multicellular plants and animals we know have cells containing membrane bound structures and are called- Eukaryotes |
| organelles | membrane-bound structures within ukaryotic cells are called. organelles |
| plasma membrane | boundary between the cell and its environment to allow a steady supply of these nutrients to come into the cell no matter what the external conditions are. |
| homeostasis | process of maintaining cells |
| selective permeability | a process in which the plasma membrane of a cell allows come molecules into the cell while keeping others out. |
| Phospholipids | lipids with a phosphate group attached to them. |
| fluid mosaic model | called fluid because the membrane is flexible |
| transport proteins | allow needed substances or waste materials to move through the plasma membrane. |
| cell wall | fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection. |
| chromatin | strands of the genetic material, DNA. |
| nucleolus | organelle that makes ribosomes |
| Ribosomes | sites where the cell assemles enzymes and other proteins according to the directions of DNA. |
| Cytoplasm | the clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | site of cullular chemical reactions |
| Golgi apparatus | flattened system of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins |
| vacuoles | membrane-bound spaces for storage |
| lysosomes | organelles that contain digestive enzymes |
| Chloroplasts | cell organelles that capture light energy and produce food to store for a later time |
| plastids | plant organelles used for storage |
| chlorphyll | traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color |
| mitochondria | are membrane bound organelles in plant and animals cells that transform energy for the cell. |
| cytoskeleton | support structure of a cell, with the cytoplasm. |
| microtubules | are thin, hollow cylinders made of protein |
| microfilaments | thin solid protein fibers |
| cilia | short numerous hairlike projections that move in a wavelike motion |
| flagella | longer projections that move with a whiplike motion |
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williemalone7
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