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Vocab Chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
cell basic units of living organisms
compound light microscope series of lenses to magnify objects in steps.
cell theory the theory that: all org. are composed of cells, the cell is the basic unit of organization of organism, all cells come from preexisting cells.
electron microscope instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of natural light to magnify structures up to 500.000 times actual size.
prokaryote unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, composed of prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane-bound structure.
eukaryote unicellular or multicellular organisms, such as plants, yeast, and animals, composed of eukaryotic cells, which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
organelle membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells.
nucleus a positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charged protons.
plasma membrane serves as boundary between the cell and its environment; allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leaves.
homeostasis organism's regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival.
selective permeability feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell while keeping others out.
phospholipid lipids with an attached phosphate group; plasma membranes are composed of phospholipids bilayer with embedded proteins.
fluid mosaic model structural model of the plasma where molecules are free to move side ways within a lipid bilayer.
transport protein protein that span the plasma membrane creating a selectively permeable membrane that regulates which molecules enter and leave a cell.
cell wall firm, fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists; provides support and protection.
chromatin long, tangled strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus during interphase.
nucleolus organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produce ribosomes.
ribosome nonmembrane-bound organelles in the nucleus where enzymes and others proteins are assembled.
cytoplasm clear, gelatinous fluid in eukaryotic cells that suspends the cell's organelles and is the site of numerous chemical reactions.
endoplasmic reticulum organelle in eukaryotic cells with a serie of highly folded membrane surronded in cytoplasm.
Golgi apparatus organelle in eukaryotic cells with a system of flattened tubular membranes.
vacuole membrane-bound fluid-filled space in the cytoplasm of plant cells used for the temporary storage of materials.
lysosome organelle that contain digestive enzymes.
chloroplast chlorophyll-containing cell organelles found in the cells of a green plants and some protists.
plastid group of plants organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids or pigments.
chlorophyll light-absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis.
mitochondria eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecule into ATP.
cytoskeleton cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubules ans microfilamanets.
microtubule thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells.
microfilament thin, solid protein fibers that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells.
cilia short, numerous, hairlike projection composed of pairs of microtubles.
flagella long, hairlike projections composed of pairs of microtubules.
Created by: Chloe01
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