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CHAPTER 4-SCIENCE

SCIENCE REVISION

QuestionAnswer
1.what is an ecosystem? a system of living and non-living things that interact and depend upon each other.
2.what is the importance of the sun to life on earth? the importance of the sun to life on earth is that it supplies energy which plants use to make their food. all animals depend on the food plants make for their energy.
3.what is an abiotic factor? a non-living thing
4.what is a biotic factor? a living thing in an ecosystem
5.list examples of abiotic factors. water,rocks,soil,sun and weather
6.list examples of biotic factors. animals,plants,food,predators.
7.what is a Gaia? mother-earth
8.what is a habitat? the place where an organism lives.
9.list the things organisms need in the habitats to survive. food,clean water, shelter, space, a mate for reproduction and oxygen.
10.definition of environment describes the living and non-living things that affect organisms in a particular place.
11.what are producers? any type of plant.
12.what is another name for a producer? a plant.
13.what is a consumer? an organism that relies on other organisms for its food.
14.what do herbivores eat? plants.
15.what do omnivores eat? plants and animals.
16.what do carnivores eat? they eat meat.
17.what type of organism always starts a food chain? a producer.
18.how do producers make their own food?explain the process using a chemical word equation. they make their own food by photosynthesis. light and chlorophyll carbon dioxide + water-----------> glucose + oxygen.
19.how do consumers make the energy required for growth and repair? explain the process using a chemical word equation.
20.what is a second order consumer? a consumer that eats the first order consumer.
23. if all snails die due to disease, how would this affect the numbers of: a) lettuce- increase b) slug- slowly increase overtime.
24. what do decomposers do within the environment? they break down dead and decaying matter.
25.what is the definition of biodegradable? something that can be broken down naturally.
26.what is the definition of non- biodegradable? something that can't be broken down naturally.
27.list the 4 main types of decomposers and what type/s of organisms do the decompose? maggots,worms,bacteria and fungi.
28.why are decomposers called natural recyclers?
29.what does competition mean? the fight between living things for the same resource in the environment.
30.what things in a habitat do animals compete for? light, space, nutrients and shelter.
31.what things in a habitat do plants compete for? they compete for space to get enough light for photosynthesis.
32.what is a predator? an animal that hunts other animals for food.
33.what is a prey? an animal that is hunted by other animals for food.
34.provide an example of a predator and prey.
35.describe how this predator has adapted to its role.
36.list other adaptation that make a predator a successful predator.
37.list other adaptations that make a prey a good prey.
38.why do animals need to adapt to their environments?
39.provide some specific adaptation on plants and animals in a desert.
40.what is symbiosis? when organisms of a different species have a very close relationship.
41.what is commensalism? a relationship where one species benefits while the other is unaffected
42.provide an example of commensalism. clown fish and sea anemones.
43.what is mutulism? a realtionship where both organisms benefit.
44.provide an example of mutualism. algae and fungi.
45.what is parasitism?
46.provide an example of parasitism.
47.what is a parasite? an animal or plant that lives in or on another organism.
48.what is a host? an organism that a parasite lives on or in.
50. using the example on question 24, list the parasite and the host. tapeworms and humans.
51.explain how the number of offspring an animal produces is related to the amount of care given by the parent/s. - less offspring more care - more offspring less care.
52.why do many offspring die in habitats? - predators - hunting - disease
53.provide an example of an organism that produces large numbers of offspring and describe why.
54. provide an example of an organism that produces small numbers of offspring and describe why. kangaroo because their young have a better chance of surviving.
55.list some adaptation organisms have when producing offspring to increase their chance of survival.
56. why are plants so important to the survival of animal? plnats are so important because they produce the food which the animal needs to survive.
57.how do plants assist in making rain?
58.what is erosion? the movement of sol by wind or water.
59.how do plants stop erosion? the plants roots hold the soil together.
61.what is pollination? the process of transferring pollen from one plant to another.
62.how does pollination occur?
63.what is the male sex cell of a plant? anther
64.what is the female sex cell of a plant? ova
65.list some adaptation plants have to attract insects.
Created by: mary01
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