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Science
energy unit
| Question / Word | Answer / Definition |
|---|---|
| energy | the ability to do work |
| kinetic energy | the energy an object has due to its motion |
| potential energy | energy that is stored as a result of position or shape |
| elastic potential energy | the potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed |
| electrical energy | the energy associated with electric charges |
| electromagnetic energy | a form of energy consisting of changing electric and magnetic fields |
| energy conversions | the process of changing energy from one form to another |
| entropy | the breakdown of systems |
| chemical energy | the energy stored in the chemical bonds within a substance |
| gravitational potential energy | the potential energy that depends upon an object's height above a reference point |
| mechanical energy | the energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects |
| nuclear energy | the energy stored in atomic nuclei |
| law of conservation of energy | can't be created or destroyed |
| thermal energy | The total potential and kinetic energy of all the particles of an object |
| temperature | A measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point |
| specific heat | The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a material by one degree Celsius |
| calorimeter | Instrument used to measure thermal energy released or absorbed during a chemical or physical change |
| conduction | The transfer of thermal energy with no overall transfer of matter, within a material or between materials that are touching |
| thermal conductor | A material that conducts thermal energy well |
| thermal insulator | A material the conducts thermal energy poorly |
| convection | The transfer of thermal energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another |
| radiation | The transfer of energy by waves moving through space |
| thermodynamics | The study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of energy |
| 1st Law of Thermodynamics | Energy is conserved |
| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | Thermal energy can flow from colder objects to hotter objects only if work is done on the system |
| 3rd Law of Thermodynamics | Absolute zero cannot be reached |
| heat engine | Any device that converts thermal energy into work |
| waste heat | Thermal energy discharged into an area at lower temperature without being converted into useful work. |
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