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bio l0l growth
secondary growth in plants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| secondary growth occurs because | primary growth tissues cannot support a large tree. |
| this plant lives for 1 year or a growing season. ex marigold | annuals |
| 2 crops grow in a year or growing season. ex. tropical crops | Biannuals |
| lives for 2 years or 2 growing seasons.1st year roots stems leaves 2nd year flowers fruits seeds. ex. carrots | biennial |
| live for many years or growing seasons. primary growth occurs every year. | perennial |
| may have secondary growth. ex.ivy, cactus, rosebush, elm tree. | dicot perennials |
| may die back to the ground or bulb in the ground each autumn. regrow the next spring. ex. tulip, crocus | monocot perennials |
| soft, green, pliable. biannuals, annuals and biennials usually. most have no secondary growth. mostly monocots few dicots. | herbaceous plants |
| hard, brown, woody stem. perennials usually. most have secondary growth, most dicots and all gymnosperms. | woody plants |
| pith, primary xylem, older secondary xylem, newer secondary xylem, vasular cambium, newer functional secondary phloem, older crushed secondary phloem, crushed primary phloem,cortex,& epidermis, phelloderm, cork cambium, and periderm are | layers of a mature stem from inside out |
| living and non-living outer tissues of an older plant stem. | bark |
| vascular cambium, new functional secondary phloem, older crushed secondary phloem, crushed primary phloem, cortex, & epidermis, phelloderm, cork cambium, and periderm. | bark layers from inside out |
| cuts thru, removes, or blocks newer, functional secondary phloem, no food transported to organs needing it, in turn tree dies. | girding a tree |
| small holes made, covered later by putty to prevent further leaking | tapping maples |
| each years growth of the secondary xylem | annual rings or growth rings |
| large cells, thinner walls, light wood. | early wood |
| small cells, thicker walls, dark colored wood | late wood |
| irregular growth on and off all year, unable to tell age with ease on these | tropical plants |
| outer secondary xylem; still like conducting, like inner secondary phloem | sapwood |
| primary and inner secondary xylem. hard and rod like when young. no longer conducts in older, plugged with waste rots away , hollow tree trunk. | heartwood |
| dicots, oak, maple, ash. thicker xylem cells, many schlerenchyma fibers, strong and dens. ex furniture interior trim of houses | hardwoods |
| gymnosperms, pine, spruce, fir. mostly thin xylem cells. weak soft, dents easily. ex framework for buildings. | softwoods |
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