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Gr 7 Ch 3 Genetics

Vocabulary from Ch 3 Cells and Heredity book

QuestionAnswer
heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring
genetics the scientific study of heredity
purebred traits with 2 of the same allele
hybrid traits with 2 different alleles
filial "son"; the first generation of offspring of the parents
genes factors that control traits
alleles different forms of a gene
recessive allele the allele that is masked, or covered up when the dominant allele is present
dominant allele a trait that will always be expressed when it is present
homozygous two of the same alleles for a trait; purebred
Gregor Mendel the Father of Genetics
probability the likelihood that an particular event will occur
Punnett square a chart that shows all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross and the probability of a particular outcome
phenotype physical appearance or visible traits
genotype genetic makeup or allele combinations
heterozygous two different alleles for a trait; hybrid
codominance; incomplete dominance alleles are neither dominant nor recessive
Chromosome theory of inheritance genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes
meiosis the process in which sex cells are made with 1/2 the number of chromosomes
genetic code the order of the nitrogen bases that determines what type of protein will be produced
protein synthesis information from a gene on a chromosome is used to produce a specific protein
Messenger RNA copies and carries the message from the DNA to the cytoplasm
Transfer RNA carries amino acids and adds them to the growing protein chain
mutation a mistake or change in a gene of a chromosome
Created by: Dcoleman
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