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Metabolic Alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

QuestionAnswer
Causes of metabolic alkalosis Overabsorption of bicarbonate by GI, emesis and gastric suction, diuretic therapy, hypokalemia shifts ions into cells (inc excretion of acid), fistulas in GI tract (dec hydrochloric acid), steroid therapy or Cushing's syndrome
Steroid therapy or Cushing's syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of cortisol that causes sodium, hydrogen and fluid retention
Initial metabolic alkalosis s/s
Why does neuromuscular excitability occur in metabolic alkalosis? Ionized calcium binds to albumin, causing hypocalcemia. Calcium close sodium channels, open sodium channels causes constant nerve transmission
Sever metabolic acidosis s/s CNS depression, confusion, lethargy, coma
Other metabolic alkalosis s/s Postural hyptoension, hypokalemia, bilateral muscle weakness, inc plasma bicarbonate, slow/shallow RR, depressed T waves and atrial tachycardia, N/V/D
INterventions/care for metabolic alkalosis pt K replacement, monitor dysrythmia, monitor I/O, monitor neuro changes
How does compensation occur? Hypoventilation (attempt to retain acid), oxygen increases RR but inc pH decreases RR
Created by: kalensnyder
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