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earthquakes**
earthquakes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquake | the shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath earth's surface. |
| crust | the layer of rock that forms earth's outer surface. |
| fault | a break or crack in earth's crust along which the rocks move. |
| mantle | the layer of hot, solid material between earth's crust and core. |
| lithosphere | the crust and mantle combine to make this rocky outer portion of the earth. |
| lithospheric plates | plates in the lithosphere that are always moving. |
| seismologists | someone who studies earthquakes and movement of the earth. |
| Pwave | A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands ground |
| Swave | A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side |
| Surface wave | A type of seismic wave that forms when p waves and s waves reach earth's surface |
| Seismic waves | Vibrations that travel through earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake |
| Focus | The point at which a rock under stress breaks and triggers an earthquake. |
| Epicenter | The point on the surface directly above the focus. |
| Seismograph | An instrument the records the shaking of an earthquake. |
| Magnitude | A measurement kf an earthquakes strength |
| Richter scale | A scale that measures the magnitude of an earthquake |
| Mercalli scale | Measuring an earthquakes intensity useing 12 divisions. |
| Moment magnitude scale | The amount of magnitude in an earthquake. |
| Liquifacation | The process in which an earthquake's violent shaking turns loose, soft soil into mud. |
| Aftershock | An earthquake that occurs right after another earthquake in the same spot. |
| Tsunami | Large ocean waves usually caused by strong earthquakes below the ocean floor. |
| base isolated building | a design for buildings that are in an area with a lot of seismic activity. |
| tension | the state of being stretched tight. |
| compression | The reduction in volume or size. |
| shearing | A force, movement or pressure applied to an object perpendicular to a given axis. |
| strike slip fault | A fault in which surfaces on opposite sides of the fault plane have moved horizontally and parallel to the strike of the fault. |
| normal fault | an inclined fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward relative to the foot wall. |
| reverse fault | a geological fault in which the upper side appears to have been pushed upward by compression. |
| plateau | An area of fairly level high ground. |
Created by:
aeppet
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