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DNA Unit

Nucleic Acids- Scazzero Biology 1st semester

QuestionAnswer
What is a macromolecule a large organic molecule (made of carbon)
What are the four kinds of organic molecules carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids the chemical link between generations dating back to the beginning of life on earth
What are nucleic acids made of ? long chains of nucleotides
What three components safe nucleotides made of? sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base
Examples of nucleic acids DNA, RNA
What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic acid
what are the components of DNA? deoxyribose (sugar), phosphate group, nitrogen base
What are the four kinds of bases in DNA? adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
Who are the scientists that discovered the structure of DNA? Watson and Crick
Purines two rings, Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines one ring, Cytosine and Thymine
Who discovered base pairing Watson and Crick
Watson and Crick said.... the paired nitrogen bases formed two long strands of nucleotides that compliment each other
Nitrogen bases are connected between Sugars and phosphates
What did they call the DNA structure a double helix
Chromosomes units of genetic information which pass from parents to offspring, threadlike strands composed of DNA
DNA is made of repeating units of.... nucleotides
Chromosomes contain.... genes
Genes are sections of DNA that codes for a particular protein, which in turn codes for a trait (like baldness)
How is RNA different than DNA? It has a different sugar than DNA and different bases than DNA and it is single stranded not double stranded
What does RNA stand for? Ribonucleic acid
What are the components of RNA Ribose (sugar), phosphate group, nitrogen base
What are the bases in RNA? Adenine pairs with uracil, cytosine pairs with guanine
Why must DNA Replicate? every time a cell divides, it must first make a copy of it's chromosomes. So each cell can have a complete set of chromosomes
Without replication what won't happen? species could not survive and individuals could not successfully grow and reproduce
If the bases on a strand are AGTC what are the bases going to be on the complementary strand? TCAG
What are the steps in replication? 1. enzymes break down the hydrogen bonds between the two DNA strands unzipping the molecule 2. as DNA zips free nucleotides bond to the single strand by base pairing 3. another enzyme bonds the new nucleotides into a chain...result two DNA molecules
In replication how many DNA molecules are formed? two
Where in the cell are chromosomes located? nucleus
DNA can be found in what two organelles? mitochondria and chloroplasts
Created by: murphy1717
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