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Atoms are usually most stable when they have a full 8 electrons in their valence level fulfills this
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Large organic molecules that have unique properties
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BJU Physical Science

Study questions for Chap 18

QuestionAnswer
Atoms are usually most stable when they have a full 8 electrons in their valence level fulfills this octet rule
Large organic molecules that have unique properties macromolecules
What factors affect a molecules shape? the number of bonds an atom forms affects the molecules shape
Nonmetals with uneven electron negativities form what type of bonds? polar covalent bonds
Ions in a solution are called electrolytes
element that naturally occurs as 2 identical, bonded atoms or any particle consisting of 2 atoms Diatomic element
Why do atoms bond? to obey the octet rule, to become more stable and follow the second law of thermodynamics
How do electrolytes conduct electrical currents? they have to be in a solution, makes them an excellent conductor of electricity
What determines bond strength and bond type? the difference in electronegativity of the elements
Molecules that are partially charged on each end polar diatomic molecules
Which is stronger; ionic or covalent bonds? ionic
This group of elements have only one or two valence electrons metals
Which type of bonds DO NOT follow the octet rule? metallic bonds
List the properties of ionic compounds. they can form bonds with metals and nonmetals
An unbonded atom's ability to attract and hold electrons is its electron affinity
a bonded atom's ability to attract and hold electrons is its electronegativity
three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or ions crystal lattice
Electrons in metallic compounds are are free
How do the covalent compounds in our bodies show God's design it shows that these things could only happen because he created us
a molecule containing just 2 elements Diatomic molecule
Three properties of metal are malleability, luster, thermal and electrical conductivity, ductility
Metal bonds sharing free electrons Free electron theory
contains carbon and has at least one hydrogen atom Organic compound.
two non-metals share electrons to form bonds Covalent Bonds
low polarity, low melting and boiling point and liquid or gaseous at room temperature is what type of bond Covalent Bonds
formed between a metal and a non-metal. Non-metals are "stronger" than the metal and can get electrons very easily from the metal Ionic Bonds
high polarity, high melting and boiling point and solid at room temperature is what type of bond Ionic Bonds
Hydrogen chloride (HCI), poisonous gas, molecular is covalent or ionic or metallic? covalent
Calcium iodide (Cal2), yellowish white solid, high melting point, soluble in water is covalent or ionic or metallic? ionic
Ytterbium (Yb), silvery lustrous solid, ductile, malleable, high melting point is covalent or ionic or metallic? metallic
Bromine (Br), reddish brown liquid, electrical insulator, molecular is covalent or ionic or metallic? covalent
Magnesium oxide (MgO), powdery white solid, high melting point, electrical insulator is covalent or ionic or metallic? ionic
Aluminum (Al), silver white luster, ductile, good electrical conductor, insoluble metallic
what class of elements form a covalent compounds nonmetals
The smallest ratio of elements in an ionic compound that describes its chemical composition formula unit
form when each atom must share 3 electrons to complete it's octet triple bond
shares 2 pairs of electrons to form a double covalent bond double bond
diatomic elements form bonds with no polarity nonpolar bonds
metal atoms share electrons metallic bond
consist of covalently bonded molecules covalent compounds
pair of dots between the symbols that identifies a covalent bond Lewis Structure (electron dot notation)
What is the difference between eltronegativity and electron affinity? electronegativity is a bonded atom's ability to attract and hold electrons is its
What are two main ways atoms aquire a full outer energy level sharing electrons and when atoms gain or lose electrons to gain a full octet
Name and describe the model that accounts for metallic bonding the electron sea theory (free electron theory) electrons are shared among all the other bonded atoms in the element
How is electron dot notation notations useful for predicting the number of covalent bonds a nonmetal can form? the number of unpaired dots is the number of covalent bonds the atom can form with other atoms
What are the beneficial properties of covalent compounds as the main components of living organisms? light, flexible, strong and do not easily dissolve
Difference between electonegativity and electron affinity? electronegativity varies it's place on the periodic table and its atomic number ;electron affinity is a measure of how well it attracts and holds electrons
Why are covalent bonds between different elements always polar? They have different electronegativities.
what determines the shape of simple molecules the number of bonds an atom forms
how do metal atoms in the solids state most often arrange themselves in a hexagonal closed package
Created by: titanium1495
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