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Bug Drug Chart
Antibiotics covered in the bug drug chart.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Penicillin G, Penicillin VK, Penicillin G procaine, Penicillin G benzathine | Natural penicillins |
| Natural penicillins | G+: strep, s. pneumo, enterococci G-: N. gonorrhoeae Misc: Syphilis (spirochete) |
| Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Cloxacillin, (Methicillin) | Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins |
| Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins | G+: staph (& some strep) |
| Ampicillin, Amoxicillin | Aminopenicillins |
| Aminopenicillins | G+: strep, s. pneumo, enterococci, G-: some enterics, H. flu, N. gonorrhoeae Misc: Syphilis (spirochetes) |
| Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin | Carboxypenicillins |
| Carboxypenicillins | G+: strep, enterococci G-: enterics, pseudomonas - empiric , H. flu, anaerobes |
| Mezlocillin, Piperacillin | Ureidopenicillins |
| Ureidopenicillins | G+: strep, enterococci G-: enterics, pseudomonas - definitive , H. flu, anaerobes |
| Amoxicillin-Clavulanate, Ampicillin-Sulbactam | Aminopenicillin Beta Lactamase Inhibitors/Combos |
| Ticarcillin-Clavulanate, Piperacillin-Tazobactam | Carboxy/Ureidopenicillin Beta Lactamase Inhibitors/Combos |
| Aminopenicillin Beta Lactamase Inhibitors/Combos | G+: strep, s. pneumo, enterococci, staph G-: enterics (mainly e. coli and proteus), H. flu, Anaerboes (includes B. frag) |
| Carboxy/Ureidopenicillin Beta Lactamase Inhibitors/Combos | G+: strep, enterococci, staph G-: enterics (mainly e. coli and proteus), resistant enterics, pseudomonas, H. flu, Anaerboes (includes B. frag) |
| Cephalexin, Cefazolin, Cephradine, Cephapirin, Cefadroxil | First generation cephalosporins |
| First generation Cephalosporins | G+: strep, s. penumo, staph G-: enterics (PEK), N. gonorrhoeae |
| Cefuroxime, (Cefaclor), Cefprozil, Loracarbef, Cefamandole, Cefonicid; [Cefoxitin, Cefotetan] | Second Generation Cephalosporins |
| Second Generation Cephalosporins (excluding Cefoxitin and Cefotetan) | G+: strep, s. penumo, staph G-: enterics (HENPEK), N. gonorrhoeae, H. flu Misc: Spirochetes |
| Cefoxitin & Cefotetan (Second generation cephalosporins) | G-: enterics, anaerobes |
| Cefixime, Cefpodoxime, Cefdinir, Ceftibutin, Cefditoren, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftizoxime, Cefoperazone, Ceftazidime | G+: strep, s. pneumo (NOT cefixime, ceftazidime) G-: enterics, pseudomonas (ONLY Ceftazidime), N. gonorrhoeae, H. flu, Anaerobes (ONLY Cefotaxime, Ceftizoxime) Misc: Spirochetes |
| Cefepime | Fourth generation Cephalosporin |
| Fourth generation cephalosporin (cefepime) | G+: strep, s. pneumo, staph G-: enterics, resistant enterics, pseudomonas, N. gonorrhoeae, H. flu, Misc: spirochetes |
| Ceftaroline, (Ceftobiprole) | Fifth generation cephalosporin |
| Fifth generation cephalosporin (ceftaroline) | G+: strep, MRSA, s. pneumoniae, enterococci G-: enterics, H. flu |
| Imipenem, Meropenem, Doripenem, Ertapenem | Carbapenems |
| Carbapenems | G+: strep, staph, enterococci G-: Enterics, resistant enterics, pseudomonas (NOT ertapenem), anaerobes |
| Moxifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin | Fluroquinolones |
| Fluroquinolones | G+: strep, s. pneumo (NOT Cipro NOR Norfloxacin) G-: enterics, resistant enterics, pseudomonas (ONLY levo and cipro), N. gon, Anaerobes (only Moxi) Misc: Atypicals (mycobacteria, chlamydia, legionella - don't have cell walls) |
| Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin | Aminoglycosides |
| Aminoglycosides | **ONLY WORKS ON AEROBIC** G+: strep, staph, enterococci G-: enterics, resistant enterics, pseudomonas |
| Erythromycin, Dirithromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin | Macrolides |
| Macrolides | G+: strep, s. pneumo G-: H. flu (only Clari and Azith) Misc; Atypicals, Non-TB mycobacteria (only clarithro and Azithro) |
| Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Minocycline | Tetracyclines |
| Tetracyclines | G+: s. pneumo, staph, CA-MRSA G-: enterics Misc: Atypicals, Spirochetes |
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | Folate Antagosnist |
| Folate Antagonist (Batrim) | G+: strep, s. pneumo, staph, CA-MRSA G-: enterics, H. flu, N. gon Misc: Pneumocystis, NTB-Mycobacteria |
| Vancomycin, Daptomycin | Glycopeptides/Lipopeptides |
| Glyco/Lipoeptides (Vancomycin, Daptomycin) | G+: strep, MRSA, s, pneumo, enterococci (PO Vanco can treat c. diff) |
| Linezolid | Oxazolidinones |
| Oxadolidinones | G+: strep, MRSA, s. pneumo, enterococci |
| Clindamycin | Lincosamides |
| Lincosamides (clindamycin) | G+: strep, staph G-: anaerobes (Bacteroides fragilis) |
| Metronidazole | Metbolized to nitrogen radicals |
| Miscellaneous (metronidazole) | G-: anaerobes (B. frag) Misc: Trichomonas, Giardia |
| Pseudomonas | Treat with: carboxy and ureido penicillins +/- BLI; ceftazidime (3rd gen), cefepime (4th gen); carbapenems (except Ertapenem); levo and cipro; aminoglycosides |
| MRSA/CA-MRSA | MRSA: ceftaroline (5th gen), vanco and daptomycin, linezolid CA-MRSA: tetracyclines, bactrim |
| Resistant enterics | carboxy and ureido penicillins with BLI, cefepime (4th gen), fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems |
| N. gonorrhoeae | natural or amino penicillins, folate antag (bactrim), cephalosporins (not ceftaroline (5th gen)), fluoroquinolones |
| H. flu | amino/carboxy/ureido penicillins +/- BLI; bactrim; 2nd-5th gen cephalosporins, clarithromycin/azithromycin |
| B. frag | Pencillin-Beta Lactamase Inhibtors, Clindamycin, Metronidazole |
| Spirochetes | Natural penicillins (Syphilis), Aminopenicillins, 2nd-4th gen ceph, tetracyclines |
| Atypicals | fluoroquinolones (especially G,L,M), macrolides, tetracyclines |
| Pneumocystis (fungal) | Bactrim |
| NTB-Mycobacteria | clarithromycin, azithromycin; bactrim |
| Trichomonas and Giardia | Metronidazole |
| Penicillins that cover pseudomonas | carboxy & uerido +/- beta lactamase |
| Penicillins that cover staph | pencillinase-resistant penicillins, penicillin BLI |
| Penicillins that cover strep. pneumo | natural penicillins, amino +/- BLI |
| Penicillins that cover H. flu | carboxy, uredo +/- BLI All but Natural and Penicillinase-Reistant |
| Cephalosporins that treat pseudomonas | Ceftazidime, Cefipime |
| Cephalosporins that treat anaerobes | Cefoxitin, Cefotetan, Cefotaxime, Ceftizoxime, |
| Cephalosporins that treat MRSA / enterococci | ceftaroline |
| Cephalosporins that don't treat s. pneumo | Cefixime, Ceftazidime |
| Carbapenems that cover pseudomonas | All but ertapenem |
| Fluoroquinolones that cover pseudomonas | Levo and cipro |
| Fluoroquinolones that cover anaerobes | moxifloxacin |
| Macrolides that treat H. flu / Non-TB Myco | Clarithro and Azithro |
| Fluoroquinolines that don't do s. pneumo | Cipro and Nor (the ones that treat it are Moxi, Gemi, Levo) |
| Only anaerobes | Metronidazole |
| Only aerobes | Aminoglycosides |
Created by:
oupharm2013
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