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Cell Test5

QuestionAnswer
Cell Membrane The barrier between the cell and the environment and controls what enters and leaves the cell. It's the area surrounding the cytoplasm.
Cytoplasm The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
Nucleus A large, oval structure that directs all of the cell's activities & stores DNA.
Mitochondria The "powerhouse" of the cell that converts nutrients into energy that can be used by the cell & where cellular respiration and energy production occurs.
Ribosomes Found on the rough ER and throughtout the cytoplasm. They are the tiny structures that function as factories to produce protein.
Endoplasmic Reticulum The proteins sythesized in the ribosomes are released and transported through a network of sacs going from the nucleus to the cell membrane.
Golgi Bodies Receives proteins and other newly formed materials and distrubutes them to other parts of the cell that need it.
Cloroplasts Organelles that capture sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell in a process called photosynthesis.
Cell Wall the rigid outer layer of non-living material that surrounds plant cells and gives the cell support.
Vacuole The storage area of the cell storing food, water, and other materials. Disposes waste products.
Interphase Cell and cell parts grow. DNA is replicated so that each daughter cell has a copy. Cell prepares for division. This is the stage before mitosis.
Prophase Chromotin coils up into chromosomes. The nucleur membrane dissolves.
Metaphase Chromosomes line up at the senter of the cell.
Anaphase Chromosomes split apart into daughter chromosomes. Once copy of each is pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
Telephase New nucleur membrane forms around the DNA in each cell.
Cytokinesis The cytoplasm is divided in two and a new nuclear membrane is formed.
DNA the gentic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from one parent to offspring.
Chromotin material in cells that contains DNA and carries genetic information.
Chromosomes a doubled rod of condensed chromotin, and contains DNA that carries genetic information.
Spindle Fibers structures that form a bridge between the ends of the cell (wirelike structures)
Centromere Holds together chromotids. A specialized structure on the chromosome, appearing during cell division as the constricted central region where the two chromotids from an X.
Chromotids one of the identicalrods of a chromosome
Mitosis the stage of a cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the daughter cells. (ALL cells)
Meiosis the process that occurs in sex cells by which the number of chromosomes us reduced in half. (reproductive cells)
Cell Differentiation The process in which cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different functions.
unicellular Organisms that are made up of only one cell and dominate the Earth.
multicellular Organisms that are made of many cells.
Red blood cell specialized cell,carries oxygen to all of the cells in your body.
Root cell specialized cell,absorbs water from a plant’s environment.
Muscle Cell specialized cell,contracts to allow you to move.
Nerve cell specialized cell,carries impulses.
Skin cell specialized cell,protects the body.
Leaf cell specialized cell,captures sunlight to perform photosynthesis.
Skeletal System Holds the body’s structure and stabilizes it. Provides support & anchor point for muscles to attach
Digestive System Breaks down food to molecules that are small enough to be absorbed into your blood.
Respiratory System Brings oxygen into your body and gets rid of carbon dioxide
Created by: Katrina1212
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