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Micro Chapter 20

Antimicrobial Drugs

QuestionAnswer
the treatment of disease with chemicals (drugs)taken into the body Chemotherapy
any drug used for any disease Chemotherapeutic agent
chemotherapeutic agents used to treat infectious diseases Antimicrobial drugs
are synthesized by chemical procedures in the lab Synthetic drugs
directly produced by bacteria and fungi and then purified and concentrated Antibiotics
antimicrobial drugs must often act within the host without damaging the host selective toxicity
when first developed hailed as "miracle drugs" antibiotics
interferes with bacterial ribosomes and also causes a bacteriostatic effect - mostly effective against gram positives Erythromycin
interferes with protein synthesis and is bacteriostatic; can damage the prokayotic ribosomes in human mitochondria and cause adverse effects on human cells Chloramphenicol
side effect of chloramphenicol aplastic anemia
injury to cytoplasmic membrane causing permeability changes which lead to cell lysis and death - very toxic to kidneys Amphotericin-B
toxic to kidneys nephrotoxic
interferes with viral DNA snthesis - primarily in treating herpes virus infections Acyclovir
used for the treatment of AIDS patients- inhibits the activity of "reverse transcriptase" Azidothymidine (AZT)
inhibit protease enzymes required for intracellular viral maturation Protease inhibitors
atazanavir, indinavir, sequinavir Protease inhibitors
antiviral cytokine Interferon
drug prescribed to treat genital warts imiquimod
synthetic derivative of quinine and is used to treat malaria Chloroquine
used to treat Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis- also affective against obligate anaerobic bacteria Metronidazole (Flagyl)
drug similar to metronidazole approved to treat Giardia lamblia, amebiasis, and trichomoniasis Tinidazole
Created by: hollieritter
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