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11 Vocab ES

Earth Science 2nd Quarter

QuestionAnswer
Layer of the atomsphere closest to Earth's surface, where most of the mass of the atmosphere is found and in which most weather takes place and air pollution collects. troposphere
Layer of Earth's atmosphere that is located above the tropopause and is made up primarily of concentrated ozone. stratosphere
Layer of Earth's atmosphere above the startospause. mesosphere
Layer of Earth's atmosphere that is located above the mesopause; oxygen atoms absorb solar radiation causing the temperature to increase in this layer. thermosphere
Outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere that is located above the thermosphere with no clear boundary at the top; transitional region between Earth's atmosphere and outer space. exosphere
The transfer of thermal energy electromagnetic waves; the transfer of thermal energy from the Sun to Earth by radiation. radiation
The transfer of thermal energy between objects in contact by the collisions between the particles in the objects. conduction
The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of heated material form one place to another. convection
Increase in temperature with height in a atmospheric layer, which inverts the temperature-altitude relationship and can worsen air pollution problems. temperature inversion
Amount of water vapor in the atmosphere at a given location on Earth's surface. humidity
The point at which water molecules leaving the water's surface equals the rate of water molecules returning to the surface. saturation
Ratio of water vapor contained in a specific volume of air compared with how much water vapor that amount of air actually can hold' expressed as a percentage. relative humidity
Temperature to which air is cooled at a constant pressure to reach saturation, at which point condensation can occur. dew point
Stored energy in water vapor that is not released to warm the atmosphere until condensation takes place. latent heat
Small particle in the atmosphere around which cloud droplets can form. condensation nucleus
Cloud formation that occurs when warm, moist air is forced to rise up the side of a mountain. orographic lifting
Puffy, lumpy looking clouds that usually occur below 2000m. cumulus
A layered sheetlike cloud that covers much or all of the sky in a given area. status
High clouds made up of ice crystals that form at heights of 6000m; often have a wispy, indistinct appearance. cirrus
All solid and liquid forms of water including rain,snow,sleet, and hail that fall from clouds. precipitation
Process that occurs when cloud droplets collide and form larger droplets, which eventually become too heavy to remain aloft and can fall to Earth as precipitation. coalescence
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