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What type of electric charge do protons have?
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PS Ch. 7 Review
DHS PS Ch. 7 - Electricity (online course)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of electric charge do protons have? | positive |
| What type of electric charge do electrons have? | negative |
| In most atoms, the charges of the protons and electrons do what to each other? | cancel each other out leaving the atom with no net charge |
| Atoms become charged by gaining or losing? | electrons |
| The accumulation of excess electric charges on an object is called? | static electricity |
| When a charge may be transferred from object to object, but cannot be created or destroyed it is? | The Law of Conservation of Charge |
| Opposite charges do what when brought near each other? | attract |
| Like charges do what when brought near each other? | repel |
| Charges can act on each other even at a distance, because? | any charge that is placed in an electric field will be pushed or pulled by the field |
| Electrons move more easily through? | conductors |
| An example of static electricity would be: | when you rub your feet on the carpet |
| The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby object that is? | charging by induction |
| A negatively charged balloon near your sleeve causes an area of your sleeve to become _______ charged. | positively |
| A transfer of charge through the air between two objects because of a buildup of static electricity is called? | static discharge |
| Using a conductor to direct an electric charge into the gound is called? | grounding |
| The flow of charges through a wire or conductor is called? | electric current |
| Current is usuly the flow of? | electrons |
| Electric current is measured in? | amperes (A) |
| The push that causes charges to move is called? | voltage difference |
| Voltage difference is measued in? | volts (V) |
| For charges to flow, the wire must always be connected in a closed path or ______? | circuit |
| What type of battery produces a voltage difference between its zinc container and its carbon suspension rod, causing current to flow between them? | dry cell |
| What type of battery contains two connected plates made of different metals in a conducting solution? | wet cell |
| What has a voltage difference across the two holes of an electrical outlet, and a generator at a power plant that provides this voltage difference? | wall sockets |
| The tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal energy and light is called? | resistance |
| All materials have some electrical _____. | resistance |
| Resistance is measured in? | ohms |
| Making wires _____ , ______ , or _______ increases the resistance of a wire. | longer, thinner, or hotter |
| The current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divide by the resistance is called? | Ohms's law |
| ______ ________ produce a voltage difference across the outlets in homes. | Power Plants |
| When the current has only one loop to flow through it is called a _____ _______? | series circuit |
| Why are the parts of a series circuit wired one after another? | So the amount of current is the same through every part |
| What is it called if any part of a series circuit is disconnected, no current flows through the circuit? | open circuit |
| What is it called when a circuit contains two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel circuit |
| In what type of circuit can individual parts be turned off without affecting the entire circuit? | parallel circuit |
| Household circuits use what type of circuits that are connected in a logical network? | parallel circuits |
| What contains a small piece of metal that melts if the current becomes too high, opening the circuit and stopping the flow of current? | electric fuse |
| What contains a small piece of metal that bends when it gets hot, opening the circuit and stopping the flow of current? | circuit breaker |
| Electrical energy is easily converted to? | mechanical, thermal, or light energy |
| Electrical power is express in? | watts (W) |
| The formula for finding power is? | P = VI |
| What is static electricity? | a buildup of excess electric charge. |
| What exerts the force that causes other electric charges to move? | the electric field |
| Which has the weakest repulsion between charges? | like charges at a long distance |
| Elements that are shiny and good conductors of electricity are | metals |
| Why are metals good conductors of electricity? | Outer-level electrons are weakly held. |
| The process of transferring charge by touching is called | charging by contact |
| Because electric forces act at a _______, objects do not have to be touching to be affected. | distance |
| According to Ohm's law, as resistance in a circuit __________, the current _________. | decreases, increases |
| Electric charges always flow from | high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas |
| Electric current in a circuit is measured in | amperes |
| What is the push that causes charges to move? | Voltage difference |
| What is the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons called? | Resistance |
| Making a wire thicker __________ the resistance of a wire. | decreases |
| Which type of circuit does current have only one loop to flow through? | series |
| In which type of cicuit are there two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel |
| What is the standard voltage difference of electrical energy entering homes in the United States? | 120 V |
| What is the standard voltage difference in circuits containing air conditioners and electrical dryers? | 240 V |
| The purpose of fuses and cicuit breakers is to | prevent circuits from overheating |
| The rate at which electical energy is converted to another form of energy is called | electrical power |
| Electrical power is expressed in | watts |
| What type of circuit would you find in your home? | parallel |
| Reistance is measured in a unit called | ohm |
| The statement that current is equal to the voltage difference divided by the resistance is known as | Ohm's law |
| Electric charge that has accumulated on an object is referred to as | static electricity |
| A static discharge differs from an electric current in that a static discharge | lasts for only a fraction of a second |
| A material through which electrons do NOT easily flow is a(n) | insulator |
| If the leaves of an electroscope spread apart, it indicates that | the leaves of the electroscope have recieved a charge |
| Lightning is | a large discharge of static electricity |
| The carbon rod in a standard D-cell serves as | a conductor to transfer electrons |
| One source of constant electric current is a | dry cell battery, wet cell battery, or outlet |
| Which of the following is a device designed to open an overloaded circuit and prevent overheating by bending metal? | circuit breaker |
| The reading on an electric meter was 2,345 kWh, and one month later it was 3,456 kWh. Hjow much electrical energy was used during the one-month period? | 1,111 kwh |
| The reading on an electric meter was 2,345 kWh, and one month later it was 3,456 kWh. How much was the electric bill if the rate is $0.10 per kilowatt-hour? | $111.00 |
| Electrical wires somethimes have a plastic coating wrapped around them. How does this make the wires safer to handle? | plastic is a good insulator |
| Most of the electrical energy used by a toaster is converted to? | heat energy |
| After Tammy removes her sweater by pulling it over her head, she notices that her hair is standing straight up. What causes this to happen? | Her hairs now have similar charges causing them to repel each other. |
| What is static electricity? | a build up of excess electric charge |
| What exerts the force that cuases other electric charges to move? | the electric field |
| The law of conservation of charge states that? | electric charge can not be created or destroyed |
| The negatively charged particles in an atom are called? | electrons |
| What is the large static discharge through the air betweent wo objects called? | lightning |
| The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object is called? | charging by induction |
| Electric charges flow from__________? | high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas |
| What is a closed, conducing path called? | circuit |
| Making a wire longer will ________ the resistance of a wire. | increase |
| According to Ohm's law, as the resistance in a circuit increases, the current _________? | decreases |
| According to Ohm's law, as the resistance in a circuit _____, the current decreases. | increases |
| In what type of circuit does current have only one loop to flow through? | series circuit |
| The positively charged particles in an atom are called? | protons |
| In which type of circuit does current essentially have no resistance causing a circuit breaker to trip? | short circuit |
| In which type of circuit are there two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel circuit |
| Which has the greatest attraction between charges? | opposite charges at a short distance |
| Why are metals good conductors of electricity? | their ourter-level electrons are weakly held |
| What contains a piece of metal that melts if the current becomes to high? | fuse |
| What allows electrons to move through it easily? | conductor |
| What contains a piece of metal that bends when it gets hot? | circuit breaker |
| What detects the presence of electric charges? | electroscope |
| What does not allow electrons to move through it easily? | insulator |
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basmith
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