DHS PS Ch. 7 - Electricity (online course)
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| What type of electric charge do protons have? | positive
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| What type of electric charge do electrons have? | negative
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| In most atoms, the charges of the protons and electrons do what to each other? | cancel each other out leaving the atom with no net charge
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| Atoms become charged by gaining or losing? | electrons
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| The accumulation of excess electric charges on an object is called? | static electricity
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| When a charge may be transferred from object to object, but cannot be created or destroyed it is? | The Law of Conservation of Charge
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| Opposite charges do what when brought near each other? | attract
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| Like charges do what when brought near each other? | repel
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| Charges can act on each other even at a distance, because? | any charge that is placed in an electric field will be pushed or pulled by the field
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| Electrons move more easily through? | conductors
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| An example of static electricity would be: | when you rub your feet on the carpet
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| The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby object that is? | charging by induction
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| A negatively charged balloon near your sleeve causes an area of your sleeve to become _______ charged. | positively
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| A transfer of charge through the air between two objects because of a buildup of static electricity is called? | static discharge
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| Using a conductor to direct an electric charge into the gound is called? | grounding
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| The flow of charges through a wire or conductor is called? | electric current
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| Current is usuly the flow of? | electrons
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| Electric current is measured in? | amperes (A)
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| The push that causes charges to move is called? | voltage difference
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| Voltage difference is measued in? | volts (V)
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| For charges to flow, the wire must always be connected in a closed path or ______? | circuit
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| What type of battery produces a voltage difference between its zinc container and its carbon suspension rod, causing current to flow between them? | dry cell
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| What type of battery contains two connected plates made of different metals in a conducting solution? | wet cell
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| What has a voltage difference across the two holes of an electrical outlet, and a generator at a power plant that provides this voltage difference? | wall sockets
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| The tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal energy and light is called? | resistance
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| All materials have some electrical _____. | resistance
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| Resistance is measured in? | ohms
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| Making wires _____ , ______ , or _______ increases the resistance of a wire. | longer, thinner, or hotter
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| The current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divide by the resistance is called? | Ohms's law
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| ______ ________ produce a voltage difference across the outlets in homes. | Power Plants
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| When the current has only one loop to flow through it is called a _____ _______? | series circuit
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| Why are the parts of a series circuit wired one after another? | So the amount of current is the same through every part
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| What is it called if any part of a series circuit is disconnected, no current flows through the circuit? | open circuit
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| What is it called when a circuit contains two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel circuit
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| In what type of circuit can individual parts be turned off without affecting the entire circuit? | parallel circuit
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| Household circuits use what type of circuits that are connected in a logical network? | parallel circuits
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| What contains a small piece of metal that melts if the current becomes too high, opening the circuit and stopping the flow of current? | electric fuse
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| What contains a small piece of metal that bends when it gets hot, opening the circuit and stopping the flow of current? | circuit breaker
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| Electrical energy is easily converted to? | mechanical, thermal, or light energy
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| Electrical power is express in? | watts (W)
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| The formula for finding power is? | P = VI
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| What is static electricity? | a buildup of excess electric charge.
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| What exerts the force that causes other electric charges to move? | the electric field
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| Which has the weakest repulsion between charges? | like charges at a long distance
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| Elements that are shiny and good conductors of electricity are | metals
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| Why are metals good conductors of electricity? | Outer-level electrons are weakly held.
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| The process of transferring charge by touching is called | charging by contact
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| Because electric forces act at a _______, objects do not have to be touching to be affected. | distance
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| According to Ohm's law, as resistance in a circuit __________, the current _________. | decreases, increases
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| Electric charges always flow from | high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas
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| Electric current in a circuit is measured in | amperes
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| What is the push that causes charges to move? | Voltage difference
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| What is the tendency for a material to oppose the flow of electrons called? | Resistance
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| Making a wire thicker __________ the resistance of a wire. | decreases
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| Which type of circuit does current have only one loop to flow through? | series
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| In which type of cicuit are there two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel
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| What is the standard voltage difference of electrical energy entering homes in the United States? | 120 V
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| What is the standard voltage difference in circuits containing air conditioners and electrical dryers? | 240 V
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| The purpose of fuses and cicuit breakers is to | prevent circuits from overheating
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| The rate at which electical energy is converted to another form of energy is called | electrical power
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| Electrical power is expressed in | watts
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| What type of circuit would you find in your home? | parallel
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| Reistance is measured in a unit called | ohm
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| The statement that current is equal to the voltage difference divided by the resistance is known as | Ohm's law
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| Electric charge that has accumulated on an object is referred to as | static electricity
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| A static discharge differs from an electric current in that a static discharge | lasts for only a fraction of a second
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| A material through which electrons do NOT easily flow is a(n) | insulator
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| If the leaves of an electroscope spread apart, it indicates that | the leaves of the electroscope have recieved a charge
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| Lightning is | a large discharge of static electricity
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| The carbon rod in a standard D-cell serves as | a conductor to transfer electrons
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| One source of constant electric current is a | dry cell battery, wet cell battery, or outlet
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| Which of the following is a device designed to open an overloaded circuit and prevent overheating by bending metal? | circuit breaker
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| The reading on an electric meter was 2,345 kWh, and one month later it was 3,456 kWh. Hjow much electrical energy was used during the one-month period? | 1,111 kwh
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| The reading on an electric meter was 2,345 kWh, and one month later it was 3,456 kWh. How much was the electric bill if the rate is $0.10 per kilowatt-hour? | $111.00
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| Electrical wires somethimes have a plastic coating wrapped around them. How does this make the wires safer to handle? | plastic is a good insulator
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| Most of the electrical energy used by a toaster is converted to? | heat energy
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| After Tammy removes her sweater by pulling it over her head, she notices that her hair is standing straight up. What causes this to happen? | Her hairs now have similar charges causing them to repel each other.
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| What is static electricity? | a build up of excess electric charge
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| What exerts the force that cuases other electric charges to move? | the electric field
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| The law of conservation of charge states that? | electric charge can not be created or destroyed
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| The negatively charged particles in an atom are called? | electrons
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| What is the large static discharge through the air betweent wo objects called? | lightning
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| The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object is called? | charging by induction
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| Electric charges flow from__________? | high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas
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| What is a closed, conducing path called? | circuit
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| Making a wire longer will ________ the resistance of a wire. | increase
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| According to Ohm's law, as the resistance in a circuit increases, the current _________? | decreases
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| According to Ohm's law, as the resistance in a circuit _____, the current decreases. | increases
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| In what type of circuit does current have only one loop to flow through? | series circuit
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| The positively charged particles in an atom are called? | protons
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| In which type of circuit does current essentially have no resistance causing a circuit breaker to trip? | short circuit
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| In which type of circuit are there two or more branches for current to move through? | parallel circuit
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| Which has the greatest attraction between charges? | opposite charges at a short distance
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| Why are metals good conductors of electricity? | their ourter-level electrons are weakly held
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| What contains a piece of metal that melts if the current becomes to high? | fuse
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| What allows electrons to move through it easily? | conductor
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| What contains a piece of metal that bends when it gets hot? | circuit breaker
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| What detects the presence of electric charges? | electroscope
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| What does not allow electrons to move through it easily? | insulator
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