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Roots Bio 101

roots, functions & structure

QuestionAnswer
These can be extensive and use 1/2 of the plants total energy to grow? roots
Large trees, some herbs and shrubs and most dicots contain this? Taproot system
one main long thick roots that anchor a plant are? primary roots
many short side branches that for older plants are found near the surface and younger plants near the tip of the root? Lateral roota
many small thin roots equal in size that hold soil to keep from eroding and give surface area for absorption are? fibrous root system
extra roots that grow out from stems and leaves in unusual places are called? adventitious root system
outermost layer, packed loose for easy absorption. protects the root; contains no cuticle or stomata. root epidermis
found near the base of the cell, help to anchor the plant and increase the absorptive area. root hair cells
aka parenchyma; loosely packed cells, interstitial spaces filled with h2o, minerals and o2. many are amyloplasts that store starch. Many are plasmodesmata that pass substances from cell to cell easily. root cortex
layer of cells, innermost layer of cortex. controls intake of substances into the vascular tissues. root endodermis
composed of wax and suberin, impermeable. h2o and minerals can NOT pass between cells, must pass thru cell membranes to cytoplasm to reach the vascular tissue. casparian strips
1-2 layers of cells; outermost perimeter of the vascular tissue: pushes thru cortex to form branches : provides vascular cambium for secondary growth pericycle
in the case of a dicot or gymnosperm this is a central vascular cylinder. xylem- cross, dead, larger cells in the center ; phloem- pie wedges between arms of xylem and pericycle. vascular tissues
vascular tissues is monocots can be a. cylinder with 5 arms b. ring of vascular bundles
attach the plant, search for h2o, absorption, transport h2o, minerals, & o2, storage, transports some food,& nourishment are all functions of a root
Created by: 560914641
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