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Bio E III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name the 3 subphyla in Phylum Chordata and the names of the members of each | Urochordata (tunicates/ sea squirts), Cephalochordata(lancets), Vertebrata( Jawless fish-lampreys) |
| Name 4 Chordate traits | 1.Pharyngeal slits 2.Dorsal, hollow nerve cord 3. notochord( stiff rod of connective tissue in back) 4.Postanal tail |
| name the main characteristics of sharks (Chondrichtyes) | 1.skeleton of cartilage 2.mostly marine 3.many predatory but some filter feeders 4. internal fertilization/ give birth to live young 5. no swim bladder, sink if stop swimming |
| how do Agnathans differ from other vertebrates? | Agnathans have no jaws |
| Chondrichtyes | Sharks, rays and skates |
| Class Pisces- bony fish | 1. marine and fresh water 2. skeleton of bone 3. swim bladder for buoyancy 4. operculum covers gills and allows ventilation of gils even when fish is stationary |
| Largest vertebrate group | Class Pisces-bony fish |
| how do bony fish differ from sharks besides having bony skeletons? | have no perculum, swim bladder |
| how is the mud skipper fish different from other fish? | the mud skipper fish walks on land |
| what makes the deep sea angler fish so unique? | have a light source to attract other fish to eat them, the male is a parasite on the female |
| Class Amphibia | frogs, toads, salamanders |
| traits of Amphibia | 1. Evolved from lobe-finned fish 2. Most are still dependent on water for reproduction, since eggs do not have a shell 3. Larval stage is aquatic; tadpole in frogs and toads |
| Class Reptilia | lizards, snakes, turtles and tortoises, alligators and crocodiles |
| what is the difference between an alligator and a crocodile | Aligator has a round snout and is fresh water, a Crocodile has a pointy snout with emerging tooth and is salt water |
| How do Archaeopteryx differ from other birds? | claws at end of wings, teeth, bony tail |
| compare/ contrast how passenger pigeon and the dodo went extinct | Passenger pigeon was hunted to extinction, the dodo went extinct because of habitat destruction |
| what is "crop milk?" | secreted by a sloughing of fluid-filled cells from the lining of the esophagus of the pigeon to feed the young |
| what is unique about the mating ritual of long-legged wading birds? | it is a dance |
| young doves and pigeons are called | squabs |
| what do doves eat? | seeds, fruit and other plantstuff |
| traits of modern birds | feathers, scales on legs, only one ovary (left) , endothermic, light air-filled skeleton, horny beak with no teeth, eggs with hard shell, monogamous(for the season) , parental care for young |
| flightless birds | ostriches, emus |
| gallinaceous birds | quail, turkey, pheasants, grouse |
| waterfowl | ducks, geese, swans |
| woodpeckers | includes sapsuckers |
| wading birds | gulls, shorebirds, Auks includes about 350 different species/ members in all pats of the world |
| Long-legged, large, wading birds | herons, storks, egrets fresh water/ terrestrial habitat nests are found in trees but some build on ground |
| Birds of prey | hawks, eagles, vultures, buzzards curved tip to their beak superb vision |
| goatsuckers | poorwills, nightjars midway between owls and swifts- like owls, nocturnal hunters with highly developed sense of sight, like swifts they are excellent flyers with small weak legs |
| perching birds | anything else common- robins, cardinals, wrens, starlings, crows, finches, sparrows |
| how do woodpeckers get food/ what do they eat? | use beaks to peak trees to eat insects |
| Parrot order | curved beak, immiate huma sounds |
| how was alex the parrot unique? | answered in context |
| Special traits of humming birds | only bird that can fly backwards, rotate wings, high rate of metabolism |
| Do humming birds only eat nectar? | Humming birds also eat insects |
| why should you never feed a humming bird honey? | they can get a tongue fungus and die |
| what order is the smallest bird? | humming bird |
| what order is the smallest mammal? | shrew |
| why are owls good nocturnal predetors? | silent flight, huge eyes, neck rotation 270 degrees, asymmetrical ears |
| where does the snowy owl live? | the Arctic. travels as far as Pennsylvania |
| where do penguins spend most of their time? | in the water |
| what do penguins eat? | fish, krill and squid |
| what bird is the fastest creature on Earth? | Peregrine Falcon |
| where do most wading birds live? what do they eat? | by the water. They eat invertebrates and other small animals |
| what do the majority of shorebirds eat? | small invertebrates picked out of mud |
| all species of shorebirds have different lengths of bills so that | to enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast without direct competition for food |
| auks and allies | - good swimmers/divers but clumsy walking - short wings have to flap wings very fast to fly - live on the open sea and only go ashore for breeding |
| what do long-legged wading birds eat? | fish, crustaceans, insects and carrion |
| what does a bird of prey primarily hunt with? | talons |
| Adult falcons | have thin tapered wings which enable them to fly at high speed and to change direction rapidly |
| what is unique about gallinaceous birds? | large breast muscles for flight |
| 2 adaptions that waterfowl have for living in the water | webbed feet and oily feathers |
| what are the 3 main groups of mammals | monotremes, placental, marcupial |
Created by:
katielee2848
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