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Cell Test Review

Science

QuestionAnswer
What are the six characteristics that all living things share? 1. Made of cells 2. Consist of specific chemicals that are not found in nonliving things 3. Require nutrients for energy 4. Reproduce 5. Grow and develop 6. Respond to environment
What is the function (job) of the cell membrane? Boundary that separates the cell from the outside world
What is the function (job) of the cytoplasm? Region between the cell membrane and nucleus
What is the function (job) of the nucleus? Directs all of the cells activities
What is the function (job) of the mitochondria? produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions
What is the function (job) of the ribosomes? Produces proteins
What is the function (job) of the endoplasmic reticulum? Passageway that carries proteins to other materials from one part of the cell to another
What is the function (job) of the golgi bodies? Receives proteins and other materials and distributes them to other parts of the cell
What is the function (job) of the chloroplasts? Captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell
What is the function (job) of the cell wall? Rigid layer that surrounds the plant cell
What is the function (job) of the vacuole? Storage area of the cell
What happens during Interphase? Cells grow and DNA is copied
What happens during Prophase? Chromatin is coiled up into chromosomes
What happens during Metaphase? Chromosomes line up at the center/middle of the cell
What happens during Anaphase? Chromosomes split into daughter chromosomes and one copy of each is pulled to opposite ends of the cells
What happens during Telophase? The nucleus reforms in each cell
What happens during Cytokinesis? The cytoplasm splits, forming two cells
Are most organisms on earth multicellular or unicellular? Unicellular
What is cell differentiation? Specialized function each cell is made to perform
Define unicellular. One cell
Define multicellular. Many celled
What are three examples of specialized cells? Skin cells, bone cells, blood cells
Describe the roll of DNA in cell differentiation. DNA dictates what each cell will be (provides the instructions)
What are the four levels of organization in multicellular organisms from simplest to most complex. Cell, tissue, organ, organ systems/organism
What are three examples of organ systems? Digestive, circulatory, respiratory
What is the function of the digestive system? Breaks down food and nutrients to provide energy
What is the function of the circulatory system? Transports blood throughout the body bringing oxygen and nutrients
What is the function of the respiratory system? Exchanges gas and allows oxygen to enter the body
Why is it beneficial to be a unicellular organism (Give two reasons)? Diffusion occurs faster and they are simple
Why is it beneficial to be a multicellular organism (Give two reasons)? Ability to perform a variety of tasks and they are complex
Created by: mominter
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