Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 15_
Botany
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| green algae | Chlorophyta |
| red algae | Rhodophyta |
| brown algae | phaeophyta |
| golden algae | chrysophyta |
| diatoms | Bacilliariophyta |
| endosymbiont | an organism that lives inside another, dissimilar organism (symbiotic relationship) |
| mitochondria | descendant of alpha-proteobacteria (purple non-sulfer bacteria) |
| chloroplast | descendant of cyanobacteria |
| primary endosymbiosis | phagocytic eukaryote takes in a prokaryote |
| secondary endosymbiosis | phagocytic eukaryote takes in a photosynthetic eukaryote |
| Cryptophyta - Crytomonads | fast-growing, unicellular algae that have two unequal flagella, some pigmented (autotrophic) and some non-pigmented (heterotrophic) |
| Cryptomonads info | chloroplasts surrounded by four bounding membranes (suggest secondary endosymbiosis (fusion of two eukaryotic cells - one heterotroph and one autotroph) |
| carbohydrate storage of Cryptomonads | starch |
| chloroplast pigments in Cryptomonads | chlorophyll a and c, phycobilins and carotenoids |
| Haptophytes | phytoplankton, most diverse in tropics, unicellular and colonial flagellates and unicellular and colonial non-motile cells |
| Haptonema | short, threadlike structure (bends or coils) that sense and avoids object and allows the capture of prey |
| coccoliths | small, flat scales on outer surface of cell (cellulose or calcium carbonate) |
| photosynthetic pigments of haptophytes | chlorophyls a and c, carotenoids, and fucoxanthin |
| haptophtes info | four membranes around chloroplast |
| carbohydrate storage of Haptophyts | chrysolaminarin |
| heterokonts | different flagella (2 flagella - one shorter, whiplike and smooth, and the other longer, ornamented with hairs (tinsel)) |
| Oomycota | cell walls composed of cellulose (not chitin), unicellular to highly branched, coenocytic and filamentous |
| reproduction of oomycota | asexual - by motile zoospores and sexual repro by oogamous |
| oogonium | produces female gametes (n) (contains one to many eggs) |
| antheridium | produces male gametes (n) (contains many male nuclei) |
| gametic meiosis | only haploid cells are egg and sperm |
| photosynthetic pigments of oomycota | none |
| carbohydrate storage of oomycota | glycogen |
| Bacilliarophyta | unicellular and colonial, important component of phytoplankton and lack flagella |
| cell walls (2n) of Bacilliarophyta | frustules - made of opaline silica and composed of two halves that overlap |
| carbohydrate storage in Bacillariophyta | chrysolaminarin |
| photosynthetic pigments in Bacillariophyta | none or chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin (carotenoid) |
| pennate diatoms | bilaterally symmetrical and sexual reproduction is isogamous (nonflagellate) and possess 2 large chloroplasts |
| centric diatoms | radially symmetrical and sexual reproduction is oogamous (males gametes flagella), and possess numerous disc-shaped chloroplasts |
| Chrysophyta | unicellular or colonial (some filamentous, tissue-like forms), most autotrophic, some both hetero and autotrophic (under low nutrient conditions), mostly reproduce asexually (some with zoospores) |
| photosynthetic pigments of Chrysophyta | none or chlorophylls a and c and fucoxanthin (carotenoid) |
| carbohydrate storage of chrysophyta | chrysolaminarin |
| cell walls of Chrysophyta | none, cellulose fibrils impregnated with minerals or overlapping, ornamented silica scales |
| resting cysts of Chrysophyta | silica shell |
| Phaeophyta | unicellular or multicellular |
| growth form of brown algae | thallus |
| thallus | simple, relatively undifferentiated vegetative body that ranges from filamentous to multicellular (distinct tissue layers) and adjacent cells linked by plasmodesmata (cytoplasmic connections) |
| brown algae information | has numerous disc-shaped chloroplasts |
| photosynthestic pigments of brown algae | chlorophylls a and c and fucoxanthin |
| carbohydrate storage of brown algae | laminarin |
| kelp (brown algae) | composed of holdfast, stipe and blade (meristematic region of cell division is between stipe and blade) |
| cell wall composition | cellulose and algin |
| algin | mucilaginous, intercellular material that's flexible & tough, reduces drying (low tide), increases buoyancy, prevents colonization by other organisms (barnacles, other algae), & can be used as a stabilizer and emulsifier in foods (gelatin, pudding, etc.) |
| kelp (food-conducting cells) | composed of mannitol and amino acids (resemble sieve tube cells from phloem in vascular plants) |
| rockweed | grow from repeated divisions of apical (at tip) cell, some have lost holdfast and are freefloating, and have airbladders near ends of blades |
| Fucus | gametic meiosis |
| Ectocarpus life cycle | alternates generations (sporic meiosis - most brown algae) |
| sporophyte (2n) | unilocular sporangia - meiosis, haploid zoospores and plurilocular sporangia - diploid zoospores (mitosis) |
| gametophyte (n) - multicellular | plurilocular gametangia - gametes (isogamous), plurilocular sporangia - haploid zoospores |
| glaucophytes | sister to red and green algae |
| photosynthetic pigments of gluacophytes | chlorophyll a, phycobilins, and carotenoids |
| primary endosymbiosis in glaucophytes | cyanelles - primitive chloroplasts which retain peptidoglycan cell wall between two membranes (resemble cyanobacteria) |
| Rhodophyta | sister to green plants, most filamentous or multicellular, few unicellular |
| photosynthetic pigments of rhodophyta | chlorophyll a, phycobilins, carotenoids |
| rhodophyta is unique because | no centrioles (mitosis) and no flagellated cells |
| carbohydrate reserve | floridean starch (in cytoplasm) |
| cell wall of rhodophyta | inner - rigid, cellulose, and outer - mucilage (agar, carageenan), prevents colonization by other algae |
| coralline algae | calcium carbonate in cell wall (hard, stony) |
| reproduction of rhodophyta | asexual-monospores & sexual-complex life cycles (sporic meiosis: diploid sporophyte-sporic meiosis produces haploid spores, & haploid gametophyte-males spermatangia-nonmotile spermatia & female carpogonium-produces egg & trichogyne for spermatia reception |
| Chlorophyta | can form symbiotic relationships with lichens, sponges and coelenterates, unicellular or multicellular |
| photosynethic pigments of chlorophyta | chlorophylls a and b, carotenoid |
| carbohydrate storage of chlorophyta | starch |
| Chlorophyta (3 groups) | Chlorophyceae, ulvophyceae, and charophyceae |
Created by:
Nicolekr
Popular Biology sets