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SCA Review

QuestionAnswer
The process of cooling and warming the body to keep the body temperature constant. Homeostasis
Materials that are living or previously living and contain carbon. Organic
Materials that are not living and have never been alive. These materials do not contain carbon. Inorganic
The nucleus is to the cell as _____ is to the body. Brain or Nervous System
The cell wall is to the cell as _____ is to the body. Skeletal System
The mitochondria is to the cell as _____ is to the body. Digestive System
The vacuole is to the cell as the _____ is to the body. Urinary System
The heart, liver, lungs, and brain are examples of which level of organization in the body? Organs made out of tissues
What is the correct level of organization in the body from least to most complex? Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not have? Cell Wall and Chloroplasts
Which organ system transports and delivers food and oxygen to all of the cells of the body? Circulatory System
Which organ system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed into the blood? Digestive System
What is the function of the Circulatory System? Transports Materials
What is the function of the Respiratory System? Exchanges Gases
What is the function of the Excretory System? Removes Wastes
What is the function of the Immune System? Fights Disease.
What is the function of the Nervous System? Controls the Body
What are Enzymes? Chemicals that speed of chemical changes.
What is the response of the body due to loss of water through sweat? Feeling Thursty
What is the function of the Skeletal System? Protects organs, provides a framework of support, and produces new red blood cells.
Cells are the basic structure and function of living things. Cells only come from pre-existing cells. All living things are made of cells. What theory are these statements a part of? Cell Theory
Stored energy that is found in food. Chemical Energy
Energy of heat. Thermal Energy
Energy of Motion Mechanical Energy
Shivering is a response of the body to what? Cold Temperature
Sweating is a response of the body to what? Warm/Hot Temperature
All organic elements contain which element? Carbon (C)
What type of change occurs when bread turns to sugar? Chemical
Inorganic compounds do not contain which element? Carbon (C)
What happens to carbohydrates during digestion? They are broken down into smaller molecules of sugar.
How do you know a physical change has occurred? When the substance changes size, shape, or state but is still the same substance.
How do you know a chemical change has occurred? When the substance changes color, changes temperature, fizzes, bubbles, and has turned into a new substance.
Physical or behavioral changes that enable an organism to live in its environment are called - Adaptations
What is called when people breed animals to get desired traits? Selective Breeding
Which biome is warm, has lots of precipitation, and has a great biodiversity? Tropical Rain Forest
Which biome is characterized by trees that lose their leaves in the fall? Deciduous Forest
Which biome is relatively cold and has trees with needles? Coniferous Forest
Which biome is relatively cold, and little biodiversity. Tundra
Which biome consists of mainly small shrubs and grasses. Grassland
Which biome is dry and can have either warm or cold temperatures. Desert
The variety of life in a certain area is called - Biodiversity
What is the name of the key that uses sets of descriptions to help identify organisms and/or objects? Dichotomous Key
The process by which the strongest, most well adapted organisms survive and go on to reproduce. Natural Selection
What is the ultimate source for each and every food chain and food web? Sun
Each food chain begins with a - Producer
Consumers that eat producers are called - Primary Consumers
Consumers that eat primary consumers are called - Secondary Consumers
Consumers that eat secondary consumers are called - Tertiary Consumers
What organism breaks down the dead remains of other organisms? Decomposers
A consumer that only eats plants is called - Herbavore
A consumer that only eats other consumers - Carnivore
An organism that can use light to make food is called - Autotroph
An organism that must consume other organisms to get energy is called - Heterotroph
What is the model called that show how much energy is at each trophic level? Energy Pyramid
Overlapping food chains is called a - Food Web
How much energy is transferred from one level of the energy pyramid to the next? 10%
Where is the greatest amount of energy in the energy pyramid? Bottom / Producer Level
What happens to the amount of energy as you move up the energy pyramid? Gets Less
Each trait has how many alleles Two
Alleles that are the same are called - Homozygous
Alleles for a trait that are different are called? Heterozygous
Alleles that mask or cover up other alleles are said to be - Dominant
Alleles that are covered up or masked by other alleles are said to be - Recessive
A grid that is used to predict genetic outcomes is called a - Punnett Square
The genetic code that is represented by letters is called - Genotype
The physical appearence that is determined by traits is called - Phenotype
Describe this genotype - Hh Heterozygous
Describe this genotype - HH Homozygous Dominant
Describe this genotype - hh Homzygous Recessive
Differences within a species is called - Variation
What type of reproduction requires two parents? Sexual
What type of reproduction requires just one parent? Asexual
What type of reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent? Asexual
What type of reproduction produces offspring that are different from the parents? Sexual
What type of reproduction produces offspring that have variety? Sexual
What are the reactants required for photosynthesis? Carbon Dioxide, Water, Light
What are the products that come out of photosynthesis? Oxygen, Sugar
Where does photosynthesis occur? In the chloroplasts of plant cells.
What is the difference between animal cells and plant cells. Plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls and animals cells do not.
What are the three parts of the cell theory? Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. Living cells only come from other living cells. All living things are made of cells.
What is the formula used to calculate work? Work = Force X Distance
What is the unit for Work? Joule (J)
What is the job of simple machines? Make work eaiser.
How do simple machines make work easier? Reduce the force required.
What is the simple machine that is a bar that pivots? Lever
What is the simple machine that has a rope or line wrapped around a wheel? Pulley
What is the simple machine that is a board angled up or down? Incline Plane
What is the simple machine that has a wheel that rotates around a axis. Wheel and Axle
Which simple machine makes work easier by changing the direction of the input force? Pulley
What scientific tools is used to measure force? Scale
What units are used for force? Newtons (N)
Bread changing to sugar is and example of what type of change? Chemical
An apple is mashed up by the teeth and turned into apple sauce is an example of what type of change? Physical
How does the increase in biodiversity affect the sustainability of an ecosystem. Greater biodiversity equal greater sustainability.
Where are chromosomes located? In the nucleus of the cell.
Where is DNA located? In chromosomes.
What is it called when a plant grows up in response to gravity? Geotropism or Gravitropism.
What is it called when a plant grows in response to light? Phototropism
Light is referred to as what type of energy? Radiant Energy
In a compost pile, what type of energy is produced as a result of decomposers breaking down wastes. Heat or Thermal Energy
A behavioral adaptation where animals move long distances to more suitable climates is called - Migration
A behavioral adaptation where animals go dormant during the winter is called - Hibernation
What is the work performed when a 10N block is moved 10m? 100 J
What is required for work to be done? Movement
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