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SCA Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The process of cooling and warming the body to keep the body temperature constant. | Homeostasis |
Materials that are living or previously living and contain carbon. | Organic |
Materials that are not living and have never been alive. These materials do not contain carbon. | Inorganic |
The nucleus is to the cell as _____ is to the body. | Brain or Nervous System |
The cell wall is to the cell as _____ is to the body. | Skeletal System |
The mitochondria is to the cell as _____ is to the body. | Digestive System |
The vacuole is to the cell as the _____ is to the body. | Urinary System |
The heart, liver, lungs, and brain are examples of which level of organization in the body? | Organs made out of tissues |
What is the correct level of organization in the body from least to most complex? | Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms |
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not have? | Cell Wall and Chloroplasts |
Which organ system transports and delivers food and oxygen to all of the cells of the body? | Circulatory System |
Which organ system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed into the blood? | Digestive System |
What is the function of the Circulatory System? | Transports Materials |
What is the function of the Respiratory System? | Exchanges Gases |
What is the function of the Excretory System? | Removes Wastes |
What is the function of the Immune System? | Fights Disease. |
What is the function of the Nervous System? | Controls the Body |
What are Enzymes? | Chemicals that speed of chemical changes. |
What is the response of the body due to loss of water through sweat? | Feeling Thursty |
What is the function of the Skeletal System? | Protects organs, provides a framework of support, and produces new red blood cells. |
Cells are the basic structure and function of living things. Cells only come from pre-existing cells. All living things are made of cells. What theory are these statements a part of? | Cell Theory |
Stored energy that is found in food. | Chemical Energy |
Energy of heat. | Thermal Energy |
Energy of Motion | Mechanical Energy |
Shivering is a response of the body to what? | Cold Temperature |
Sweating is a response of the body to what? | Warm/Hot Temperature |
All organic elements contain which element? | Carbon (C) |
What type of change occurs when bread turns to sugar? | Chemical |
Inorganic compounds do not contain which element? | Carbon (C) |
What happens to carbohydrates during digestion? | They are broken down into smaller molecules of sugar. |
How do you know a physical change has occurred? | When the substance changes size, shape, or state but is still the same substance. |
How do you know a chemical change has occurred? | When the substance changes color, changes temperature, fizzes, bubbles, and has turned into a new substance. |
Physical or behavioral changes that enable an organism to live in its environment are called - | Adaptations |
What is called when people breed animals to get desired traits? | Selective Breeding |
Which biome is warm, has lots of precipitation, and has a great biodiversity? | Tropical Rain Forest |
Which biome is characterized by trees that lose their leaves in the fall? | Deciduous Forest |
Which biome is relatively cold and has trees with needles? | Coniferous Forest |
Which biome is relatively cold, and little biodiversity. | Tundra |
Which biome consists of mainly small shrubs and grasses. | Grassland |
Which biome is dry and can have either warm or cold temperatures. | Desert |
The variety of life in a certain area is called - | Biodiversity |
What is the name of the key that uses sets of descriptions to help identify organisms and/or objects? | Dichotomous Key |
The process by which the strongest, most well adapted organisms survive and go on to reproduce. | Natural Selection |
What is the ultimate source for each and every food chain and food web? | Sun |
Each food chain begins with a - | Producer |
Consumers that eat producers are called - | Primary Consumers |
Consumers that eat primary consumers are called - | Secondary Consumers |
Consumers that eat secondary consumers are called - | Tertiary Consumers |
What organism breaks down the dead remains of other organisms? | Decomposers |
A consumer that only eats plants is called - | Herbavore |
A consumer that only eats other consumers - | Carnivore |
An organism that can use light to make food is called - | Autotroph |
An organism that must consume other organisms to get energy is called - | Heterotroph |
What is the model called that show how much energy is at each trophic level? | Energy Pyramid |
Overlapping food chains is called a - | Food Web |
How much energy is transferred from one level of the energy pyramid to the next? | 10% |
Where is the greatest amount of energy in the energy pyramid? | Bottom / Producer Level |
What happens to the amount of energy as you move up the energy pyramid? | Gets Less |
Each trait has how many alleles | Two |
Alleles that are the same are called - | Homozygous |
Alleles for a trait that are different are called? | Heterozygous |
Alleles that mask or cover up other alleles are said to be - | Dominant |
Alleles that are covered up or masked by other alleles are said to be - | Recessive |
A grid that is used to predict genetic outcomes is called a - | Punnett Square |
The genetic code that is represented by letters is called - | Genotype |
The physical appearence that is determined by traits is called - | Phenotype |
Describe this genotype - Hh | Heterozygous |
Describe this genotype - HH | Homozygous Dominant |
Describe this genotype - hh | Homzygous Recessive |
Differences within a species is called - | Variation |
What type of reproduction requires two parents? | Sexual |
What type of reproduction requires just one parent? | Asexual |
What type of reproduction produces offspring that are identical to the parent? | Asexual |
What type of reproduction produces offspring that are different from the parents? | Sexual |
What type of reproduction produces offspring that have variety? | Sexual |
What are the reactants required for photosynthesis? | Carbon Dioxide, Water, Light |
What are the products that come out of photosynthesis? | Oxygen, Sugar |
Where does photosynthesis occur? | In the chloroplasts of plant cells. |
What is the difference between animal cells and plant cells. | Plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls and animals cells do not. |
What are the three parts of the cell theory? | Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. Living cells only come from other living cells. All living things are made of cells. |
What is the formula used to calculate work? | Work = Force X Distance |
What is the unit for Work? | Joule (J) |
What is the job of simple machines? | Make work eaiser. |
How do simple machines make work easier? | Reduce the force required. |
What is the simple machine that is a bar that pivots? | Lever |
What is the simple machine that has a rope or line wrapped around a wheel? | Pulley |
What is the simple machine that is a board angled up or down? | Incline Plane |
What is the simple machine that has a wheel that rotates around a axis. | Wheel and Axle |
Which simple machine makes work easier by changing the direction of the input force? | Pulley |
What scientific tools is used to measure force? | Scale |
What units are used for force? | Newtons (N) |
Bread changing to sugar is and example of what type of change? | Chemical |
An apple is mashed up by the teeth and turned into apple sauce is an example of what type of change? | Physical |
How does the increase in biodiversity affect the sustainability of an ecosystem. | Greater biodiversity equal greater sustainability. |
Where are chromosomes located? | In the nucleus of the cell. |
Where is DNA located? | In chromosomes. |
What is it called when a plant grows up in response to gravity? | Geotropism or Gravitropism. |
What is it called when a plant grows in response to light? | Phototropism |
Light is referred to as what type of energy? | Radiant Energy |
In a compost pile, what type of energy is produced as a result of decomposers breaking down wastes. | Heat or Thermal Energy |
A behavioral adaptation where animals move long distances to more suitable climates is called - | Migration |
A behavioral adaptation where animals go dormant during the winter is called - | Hibernation |
What is the work performed when a 10N block is moved 10m? | 100 J |
What is required for work to be done? | Movement |