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Aquatic Ecosystems a
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The types of organisms in an aquatic ecosystem are determined by the | water's salinity |
| The amount of salt in the water | salinity |
| Name 5 abiotic factors affecting life in aquatic systems | water temperature, amount of life, oxygen level in the water, nutrients in the water, movement of the water |
| The mass of microscopic organisms that float or drift freely in the water | plankton |
| Microscopic animals are called what? | zooplankton |
| Microscopic plants are called what? | phytoplankton |
| All organisms that swim actively in open water, independent of currents are called | nekton |
| bottom-dwelling organisms of the sea or ocean and are often attached to hard surfaces | benthos |
| Aquatic organisms that break down dead plants or animals | decomposers |
| The type of organisms present in lakes and ponds depend on the amount of | sunlight present |
| A shallow zone in a freshwater habitat where light reaches | littoral zone |
| The _____________ _________ is a dark region deep under the surface of lakes and ponds | benthic zone |
| The main food source is dead and decaying organisms that sink into the ____________ ___________ of lakes and ponds | benthic zone |
| An increase in the amount of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem is called | eutrophication |
| Name four effects of fertilizer runoff | increase in algae and plant population, after death the plants and algae are decomposed by bacteria using up the water's oxygen, reduced amount of oxygen kills fish and other animals |
| Name the parts of a river | source, course, mouth |
| Part of a river characterized by is usually full of oxygen, fast and shallow | source |
| Part of river that is warmer, slower and less oxygen | course |
| Part of a river that enters into a larger body of water | mouth |
| Areas of land that are covered with fresh water for most of the year | freshwater wetlands |
| Where are in the U.S. freshwater wetlands generally located | southeastern states |
| What are the environmental functions of wetlands? | absorb and remove pollutants from water, control flooding by absorbing river overflow, home for large amount of biodiversity |
| Which environment is characterized by low elevation, flat land, little water movement and no trees | marshes |
| Type of environment that occur on flat, poorly drained land and is dominated by woody shrubs or water loving trees | swamps |
| Type of environment found in colder climates with water that is acidic, which inhibits the growth of many decomposers | bogs |
| Environment found within bays or semi-enclosed bodies of brackish water that from where rivers enter the ocean | estuaries |
| Portion of marine ecosystem that is found at the outermost edge of the ocean, can be underwater or dry, depending on the tides and is highly affected by the action of waves | coastal zone |
| Composed of accumulated skeletons of coral polyps,and are most commonly found along the shore, in shallow waters and close to the equator | coral reefs |
| A wetland formed from salty ocean water containing shrubs and trees | mangrove swamps |
| Wetland that is occasionally flooded by ocean salt water, having no trees; mostly grases | salt marsh |
| Large bare rocks and boulders found along the shoreline,and are highly affected by the coming and going of tides | rocky shore |
| What are the rise and fall of sea levels that occur about every 12 hours called? | tides |
| Biodiversity that measures variety of different versions of same genes | genetic diversity |
| Biodiversity that measures number of different kinds of organisms with a community | species diversity |
| Biodiversity that measures richness and complexity of a community | ecological diversity |
| The total number of organisms in a community is called ________ | abundance |
| Name three areas that are areas of great biodiversity | tropical rainforest, wetlands and coral reefs |
| The elimination of a species is called | extinction |
| The biggest reason for current reduction in biodiversity is ______ | habitat destruction |
| Organisms introduced into habitats where they are not native----in many cases, leads to destruction of native species | exotic organisms |
Created by:
johnwhitfield35125
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