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Stack #1088831
Chapter 35
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tissue | -group of cells consisting of one or more cell types that together perform a specialized function |
| Organ | -consists of several types of tissues that together carry out particular functions |
| Three basic plant organs | 1. roots 2. stems 3. leaves |
| Fibrous root | -monocots |
| Taproot | -the main vertical root -eudicots |
| adventitious roots | develop to help the plant climb |
| Root Hair | absorption of water and minerals |
| Tissue type | -Dermal -Vascular -Ground Tissues |
| roothair | where the vast numbers of tiny root hairs increase the surface area |
| Terminal | Terminal (apical) bud of a plant is the primary growing point located at the apex (tip) of the stem |
| Axillary buds | structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or branch |
| Monocots venation | parallel venation |
| Eudicots venation | net-like branching venation |
| Dermal | -nonwoody plants consists of the epidermis -woody plants consists of periderm replace the epidermis in older regions of stems and roots |
| Vascular | carries out long distance transport of material between roots and shoots -The two vascular tissues are xylem and phloem |
| Ground tissue | tissues that are neither dermal nor vascular |
| Phloem | conveys water and dissolved minerals upward from roots into the shoots |
| Xylem | transport organic nutrients from where they are made to where they are needed |
| Tracheids | are found in the xylem of all vascular plants |
| Vessel elements | -common to most angiosperms and a few gymnosperms -align end to end to form long micropipes |
| sieve-tube members | are the porous end walls that allow fluid to flow between cells along the sieve tube |
| Companion cells | whose nucleus and ribosomes serve both cells |
| Determinate | some plants organs cease to grow at a certain size |
| indeterminate growth | a plant can grow throughout its life |
| Apical | are located at the tips of roots and shoots and at the axillary buds of shoots |
| Lateral meristems | -add thickness to woody plants a process called secondary growth |
| Cork | -replaces the epidermis with periderm, which is thicker and thougher |
| vascular cambium | -adds layer of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem |
| three zones of root growth | 1. Zone of cell division 2. Zone of elongation 3. Zone of differentiation, or maturation |
| Lateral roots | branch roots, that arise from the taproot |
| Pericycle | the outermost cell layer in the vascular cylinder |
| Spongy mesophyll | eudiots -lower part of the leaf -loose arrangement allows for gas exchange |
| palisade mesophyll | eudiots -upper part of the leaf |
| Secondary Phloem | -sloughs off and does not accumulate |
| Secondary Xylem | accumulates as wood and consists of tracheids, vessel elements (only in angisperms), and fibers -no longer transport water and minerals sapwood still transport materials through the xylem |
| Curticle | Helps prevent water loss from the epidermis |
| Pith | ground tissue INTERNAL to the vascular tissue |
| Cortex | ground tissue EXTERNAL to the vascular tissue |
| Sclereids | short and irregular in shape and have thick lignified secondary walls |
| Fibers | are long and slender and arranged in threads |
| Bark | consists of all the tissues external to the vascular cambium |
Created by:
pcao01
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