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Chp.10 Pop.Dyn.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The branch of ecology concerned with the factors influencing the expansion, decline, or maintenance of populations | Population Dynamics |
| How would you represent the number of individuals in the population at some time t? | Nt |
| How would you represent the number of individuals in the population at some previous time t - 1? | Nt - 1 |
| How would you represent the number of births that have occurred in the interval between t - 1 and t? | B |
| How would you represent the number of immagrants to the population during that time interval? | I |
| How would you represent the number of deaths? | D |
| How would you represent the number of individuals that have emigrated, or left, the population? | E |
| What is the dispersal into a population called? | immigration |
| What is the dispersal out of a population called? | emigration |
| Name two ways the dispersal of expanding populations provides the best record of specis dispersal. | A new species in an area may affect the local economy or human health or safety and a new species in an area may attract significant attention, as would a new bird species. |
| When the population of a predator changes in response to a change in prey density, this is known as what? | Numerical response |
| Numerical response is usually due to what? | Dispersal |
| This is known as the downstream flow of water. | Current |
| Current influences what two things? | Oxygen in water and size, shape, and behavior of stream organisms. |
| A flash flood is also known as a what? | Spate |
| The downstream movement of stream organisms is known as what? | Drift |
| What shows that upstream and downstream dispersal, as well as reproduction, have major influences on stream populations? | colonization cycle |
| What do you call a group of subpopulations living in spatially isolated patches connected by exchange of individuals among patches? | Metapopulation |
| Local population sizes influences what two things? | The tendency to disperse and the direction of dispersal. |
| What three features do the butterfly and kestrel populations have in common? | Both are spatially organized into metapopulations, Individuals from smaller subpopulations are more likely to disperse than individuals in large subpopulations, Individuals leaving small subpopulations tend to immigrate to larger subpopulations. |
| What does a life table list? | The survivorship and the deaths (mortality) of a population. |
| Why is a life table useful? | It can be used to calculate life expectancies for different age groups and to construct a surviorship curve for the population. |
| A group born at the same time is known as what? | Cohort |
| What is the advantage of a cohort life table? | Understanding and interpreting a cohort life table is relatively easy. |
| What is the disadvantage of a cohort life table? | Obtaining the data for a cohort life table is not easy. |
| This type of life table is a snapshot of survival within a short interval of time. | Static life table |
| The proportion of individuals of different ages within a population is known as what? | Age distribution |
| Juvenile survival is high and most mortality occurs among older individuals in this type of survivorship curve. | Type I |
| In this type of survivorship curve, there is a constant rate of survival throughout life. | Type II |
| Extremely high rates of mortality among the young followed by a relatively high rate of survival is represented in which type of survivorship curve. | Type III |
| Knowledge of age distribution indicates what four things? | Periods of successful reproduction, periods of high and low survival, replacement of older individuals, and the population growing, in decline, or stable |
| The number of young born per female in a period of time is known as the? | Birthrate |
| The net reproductive rate is represented by what? | Ro |
| The average number of offspring produced by an individual in its lifetime or per generation is known as what? | net reproductive rate, Ro |
| If Ro = 1, the population is? | Stable |
| If Ro < 1, the population is? | Declining |
| If Ro > 1, the population is? | Growing |
| The number of eggs produced per nest is known as? | Clutch size |
| What explains that energy supplies available to organisms are limited and an increase of energy allocated to one of life’s functions decreases the amount of energy available to other functions? | Principle of Allocation |
| Energy allocated to respiration increases what three things? | energy used to rid the body of the toxin, energy used to convert the toxin molecule into a harmless molecule, and energy used to repair cellular damage caused by the toxin |
| What are a few experimental advantages of the water flea Daphnia magna? | Wide distribution across North America, small size, short generation time, easily grown in the laboratory (algae filter – feeders), most reproduction is asexual, insuring populations that are genetically uniform |
| This is known as a genetically identical collection of individuals, cells, or molecules. | Clone |
Created by:
gmoore730
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