Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P Chp. 5 P2 add on
Joint Diseases and Injuries
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Common Joint Injuries | -sprains -cartilage tears -dislocations -subluxation |
| Sprains | -the ligaments are stretched or torn -partial tears slowly repair themselves -complete ruptures require prompt surgical repair |
| Cartilage Tears | -due to compression and shear stress -fragments may cause joint to lock or bind -cartilage rarely repairs itself -repaired with arthroscopic surgery |
| Dislocation (luxations) | -occur when bones are forced out of alignment -accompanied by sprains, inflammation, and joint immobilization -caused by serious falls or playing sports |
| Subluxation | -partial dislocation of a joint |
| Inflammatory and Degenerative Conditions | -bursitis -tendonitis |
| Bursitis | -an inflammation of a bursa, usually caused by a blow or friction -treated with rest and ice and, if severe, anti inflammatory durgs |
| Tendonitis | -inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse -symptoms and treatment similar to bursitis |
| Arthritis | - >100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage joints -most widespread crippling disease in the US |
| Arthritis Symptoms | -pain -stiffness -swelling of a joint |
| Acute Forms of Arthritis | -caused by bacteria, treated with antibiotics |
| Chronic Forms of Arthritis | -osteoarthritis -rheumatoid arthritis -gouty arthritis |
| Osteoarthritis (OA) | -common, irreversible, degenerative ("wear and tear") arthritis -85% of all American develop OA, more woman than men -probably related to the normal aging process. More cartilage is destroyed than replaced in badly aligned or overworked joints |
| Osteoarthritis (OA) continue | -exposed bone ends thicken, enlarge, form bone spurs, and restrict movement -treatment: moderate activity, mild pain relievers, capsaicin creams, glucosamine and chondrotin sulfate |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) | -chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of unknown cause -usually arises between age 40 and 50, but may occur at any age; affects 3 times as many woman as men |
| Signs and Symptoms of RA | -joint pain -swelling -anemia -osteoporosis -muscle weakness -cardiovascular problems |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) continue | -inflammatory blood cells migrate to the joint, release inflammatory chemicals -inflamed synovial membrane thickens into a pannus -pannus erodes cartilage, scar tissue forms, articulating bone ends connect |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment | -conservative therapy: aspirin, long term use of anitbiotics, and physical therapy -progressive treatment: anit inflammatory drugs or immunosuppressants -new biological response modifier drugs neutralize inflammatory chemicals |
| Gouty Arthritis | -deposition of uric acid crystals in joints and soft tisues, followed by inflammation -more common in men -typically affects the joint at the base of the great toe -in untreated gouty arthritis, the bone ends fuse and immobilize the joint |
| Gouty Arthritis Treatment | -drugs -plenty of water -avoidance of alcohol |
| Lyme Disease | -caused by bacteria transmitted by the bites of ticks -symptoms: skin rash, flu like symptoms, and foggy thinking -may lead to joint pain and arthritis |
| Lyme Disease Treatment | -antibiotics |
| Developemental Aspects of Joints | -by embryonic week 8, synovial joints resemble adult joints -a joint's size, shape, and flexibility are modified by use -exercise that coaxes joints through their full range of motion is key to postponing joint problems |
| Advancing Years Take Their Roll on Joints | -ligaments and tendons shorten and weaken -intervertebral discs become more likely to herniate -most people in their 70s have some degree of OA |
Created by:
Greenpeas
Popular Biology sets