An organelle with a Double Membrane and Nuclear pores which allow for passage of substances into and from the cytoplasm.The control centre of a cell, contains the Genetic Information which determines the role of the cell. Transcription takes place here.

This is the darker area of the Nucleus which is dense with proteins. The area of Ribosome formation.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum:

A continuous extension of the Nuclear membrane, covered in Ribosomes, which is the place protein Synthesis takes place. Helps with the transportation of these Proteins.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:

This is involved in the synthesis and transport of Lipids and Steroids. Also used in detoxing the cell.

A double Membraned Organelle, produces energy in the form of ATP through a process called Metabolic Respiration.

The location of Protein Synthesis, made from two Sub Units which surround the mRNA and allow tRNA to bind to it, which produces a Polypeptide chain. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have different types of Ribosomes.

Membrane bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes used to break down substances into molecules the cell can use. Also used in the Immune response and Cell Destruction (apoptosis).

Receives vesicles containing proteins from the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and modifies some of them, e.g. by adding Carbohydrates, and then packages them up to be designated a destination.

The fluid within a cell which all other organelles are suspended in, contains nutrients and has its own concentration gradients.

Two organelles used in Cell division, move to opposites poles in the cell and form Mitotic Spindles which Chromosomes will align on and be pulled apart.

The Hierarchy of life:

Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organisms, Populations, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere.

Tissues: (Plus an example)

Tissues are groups of similar cells that have derived from one type of cell preforming a particular function. Epithelial Tissues; lines organs, blood vessels and skin etc.

A group of tissues grouped together to preform a specific task, such as the heart is nerve cells to carry impulses and myocardial tissue to contact to pump blood.

A group of organs in a system designed to work together to support the organism, such as the Nervous system involves the Brain, Spinal Cord and peripheral nerves.

One disadvantage of cell specialisation:

Cells that are highly specialised are completely reliant upon other cells around them to provide them with materials and to carry away whatever it is they produce. E.g: The goblet cells produce Mucus but this would kill (CF) without the ciliated cells.

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Cell Organelles

Descriptions of Cell Organelles and Functions

Question	Answer
Nucleus:	An organelle with a Double Membrane and Nuclear pores which allow for passage of substances into and from the cytoplasm.The control centre of a cell, contains the Genetic Information which determines the role of the cell. Transcription takes place here.
Nucleolus:	This is the darker area of the Nucleus which is dense with proteins. The area of Ribosome formation.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum:	A continuous extension of the Nuclear membrane, covered in Ribosomes, which is the place protein Synthesis takes place. Helps with the transportation of these Proteins.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:	This is involved in the synthesis and transport of Lipids and Steroids. Also used in detoxing the cell.
Mitochondria:	A double Membraned Organelle, produces energy in the form of ATP through a process called Metabolic Respiration.
Ribosome:	The location of Protein Synthesis, made from two Sub Units which surround the mRNA and allow tRNA to bind to it, which produces a Polypeptide chain. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have different types of Ribosomes.
Lysosome:	Membrane bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes used to break down substances into molecules the cell can use. Also used in the Immune response and Cell Destruction (apoptosis).
Golgi Apparatus:	Receives vesicles containing proteins from the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and modifies some of them, e.g. by adding Carbohydrates, and then packages them up to be designated a destination.
Cytoplasm:	The fluid within a cell which all other organelles are suspended in, contains nutrients and has its own concentration gradients.
Centrioles:	Two organelles used in Cell division, move to opposites poles in the cell and form Mitotic Spindles which Chromosomes will align on and be pulled apart.
The Hierarchy of life:	Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organisms, Populations, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere.
Tissues: (Plus an example)	Tissues are groups of similar cells that have derived from one type of cell preforming a particular function. Epithelial Tissues; lines organs, blood vessels and skin etc.
Organs:	A group of tissues grouped together to preform a specific task, such as the heart is nerve cells to carry impulses and myocardial tissue to contact to pump blood.
Systems:	A group of organs in a system designed to work together to support the organism, such as the Nervous system involves the Brain, Spinal Cord and peripheral nerves.
One disadvantage of cell specialisation:	Cells that are highly specialised are completely reliant upon other cells around them to provide them with materials and to carry away whatever it is they produce. E.g: The goblet cells produce Mucus but this would kill (CF) without the ciliated cells.

Created by: mjwilson1988

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