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Atmosphere Collins

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QuestionAnswer
Layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs Troposphere
Most abundant gas in the atmosphere Nitrogen--78%
2nd most abundant gas in the atmosphere Oxygen-20%
Found in the stratosphere, a form of oxygen that combines three oxygen atoms into each molecule ozone
Temperature will decrease as you go up in these TWO LAYERS Troposphere, Mesosphere
Temperature will INCREASE as you go up in these TWO LAYERS Stratosphere, Thermosphere
Layer of the atmosphere that will have the coldest air temperatures Mesosphere
Made up of electrically charged particles of progressively lighter gases. Ionosphere
Outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere Exosphere
What is the difference between weather and climate? Weather-state of the atmosphere at a time and place. Climate-average weather conditions over a region.
Third most abundant gas in the atmosphere. Argon
Name 2 examples of greenhouse gases. Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor.
What happens to pressure as we go up in the atmosphere? Does it increase or decrease? decrease
Why does land heat up faster than water? Land absorbs more energy.
Name one of the first sources of oxygen for our planet. cyanobacteria
How much solar radiation that strikes the top of the atmosphere reaches earth's surface and is absorbed? 50%
layer that contains the ionosphere Thermosphere
Conduction is heat transfer by touch
Convection is heat transfer by currents or flow of energy.
Radiation is heat transfer by electromagnetic waves.
Why is the water cycle important? Water is essential to life on Earth.
What causes orographic precipitation? Orographic uplift of air against the side of a mountain.
What two factors allow water to infiltrate through the soil? Capillary Action and Gravity
What is the purpose of a watershed? collection or storage unit for water
Why does warm air rise? less dense that cold air
How does air become unstable changes in pressure and temperature
How does infiltration differ from percolation? Infiltration-water soaks into the ground. Percolation-water moves through the soil.
Describe the process of collision coalesence. smaller droplets collide to form bigger droplets of rain.
Describe how hail forms. Ice crystals are tossed up towards the top of a cumulonimbus cloud in a cyclic pattern that adds layers each time it is tossed.
How do clouds form? Warm air rises, cools, condenses around condensation nuclei allowing latent heat to be released.
Describe the difference between relative humidity and dew point. Relative Humidity-comparison of how much water vapor is in the air to how much water vapor the air can actually hold. Dew Point-temperature at which condensation can occur.
What happens when you reach dew point? condensation
Describe earth's ancient atmosphere. no oxygen, composed of volcanic gases until the evolution of cyanobacteria
Amount of rain is measured with: Rain Gauge
Humidity is measured with a: Hygrometer
Relative Humidity is measured with a: Psychrometer
Cirrus Clouds are described as____________________ and made up of ______________ high, ice crystals
Stratus clouds are described as____________________ and made up of ______________ middle, water droplets and ice crystals
Cumulus clouds are described as ________________________ and made up of _______________. low, rain droplets
water that condenses from the air onto a cold surface Dew
ice that has been deposited directly from the air onto a cold surface Frost
partially frozen droplets that freeze when they strike a hard surface Freezing Rain
most common form of precipitation Rain
water vapor in a cloud is converted directly into ice crystals Snow
snow that partially melts as it falls sleet
starts as an ice pellet, it gowns thrown around in the cumulonimbus cloud and each time it is thrown it gains another layer and eventually they fall to the ground. hail
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